Aerodynamics

Question 0

What is due to the weight of the air molecules in the atmosphere?

Answer 0

Static pressure

Question 1

As air accelerates, what happens to static and dynamic pressure?

Answer 1

Static decreases and dynamic increases

Question 2

Dynamic pressure is due to?

Answer 2

Relative movement

Question 3

What is the formula for dynamic pressure?

Answer 3

1/2pvsquared

Question 4

The point on the aero foil at which streamlined, laminar flow become turbulent is know as the ?

Answer 4

Transition point

Question 5

The point on the aerofoil at which turbulent flow separates is know as the?

Answer 5

Separation point

Question 6

A well chambers aerofoil will produce lift at 0 degrees angle of attack, true or false?

Answer 6

True

Question 7

A symmetrical aerofoil will produce no lift at 0degrees angle of attack true or false?

Answer 7

True

Question 8

What is the point where lift is assumed to act?

Answer 8

Centre of pressure

Question 9

The chord line is a straight line which?

Answer 9

Joins the leading and trailing edge

Question 10

At a high angle of attack most of the loft on an aerofoil is produced where?

Answer 10

Leading edge

Question 11

As angle of attack is increased up to critical angle, what happens to the centre of pressure?

Answer 11

Moves forward

Question 12

When the critical angle is exceeded, what happens to the centre of pressure?

Answer 12

It moves aft

Question 13

Thrust stream turbulence varies with?

Answer 13

Engine power and distance from the source

Question 14

Which flight condition of a large jet would create the most severe flight hazard by generating vortices of the greatest strength?

Answer 14

Heavy, slow and flaps up

Question 15

What effect would a light crosswind have on the wingtip?

Answer 15

The upwind vortex will tend to remain on the runway longer than the downwind vortex

Question 16

If you take off behind a heavy jet that has just landed, where should you plan to take off?

Answer 16

Beyond the point where the jet touched down

Question 17

Washout refers to a design feature whereby?

Answer 17

The riggers angle at the wing root is greater than at the wingtip

Question 18

What is the load factor in straight and level?

Answer 18

1

Question 19

What is an indicator of a spin?

Answer 19

IAS low and almost unchanging

Question 20

What factors affect stall speed?

Answer 20

Centre of gravity
Power setting
Load factor

Question 21

Maximum range is achieved by flying at what speed?

Answer 21

The speed for minimum drag

Question 22

Maximum endurance is achieved by flying at what speed?

Answer 22

The speed for minimum power

Question 23

What is relative airflow?

Answer 23

Opposite to the direction of the path of the aircraft

Question 24

What is the angle of attack?

Answer 24

Angle between the chord line and relative airflow

Question 25

What is camber and what does increasing it do?

Answer 25

Curvature of the aerofoil Increasing camber on upper surface will cause airflow to accelerate over it more, generating more lift at same angle of attack

Question 26

When does the maximum camber occur?

Answer 26

The point where distance between camber line and chord line is greatest

Question 27

What is couple moments?

Answer 27

Interaction of two moments separated by a horizontal distance

Question 28

Which is stronger, lift to weight couple or thrust drag couple and what force balances them out?

Answer 28

LW is stronger and the horizontal stabiliser force balances them out

Question 29

When the total pressure remain unchanged, what happens to local static and dynamic increases?

Answer 29

Static decreases

Question 30

What is likely to occur while banking in climb?

Answer 30

Over banking due to higher speed and increased angle of attack on outer wing. Outter wing crest more lift than inner

Question 31

What is likely to occur while banking in a descent?

Answer 31

Under banking in descent | Outter wing travels a greater distance while inner wing has greater AoA

Question 32

What causes aircraft to yaw out of turn?

Answer 32

Increased drag on down going aileron

Question 33

How do you minimise the affect of adverse aileron yaw?

Answer 33

Frise type ailerons Differential ailerons Coupling the rudder

Question 34

How do fries type ailerons work?

Answer 34

Uses offset hinges to deflect part of the up going aileron into the air, increasing drag

Question 35

How do differential ailerons work?

Answer 35

The up going aileron travels further up than the down going aileron, increasing drag

Question 36

How does coupling ailerons and rudder work?

Answer 36

As ailerons are deflected, rudder automatically moves to counter act the adverse yaw

Question 37

What is the load factor in a 60degrees AoB?

Answer 37

2g

Question 38

What is the load factor formula?

Answer 38

Lift / weight

Question 39

Which wing stalls first in a spin?

Answer 39

Down going wing

Question 40

Why is the use of ailerons close to or in a stall incorrect?

Answer 40

Down going aileron increases angle of attack further, stalling the wing further

Question 41

What is IAS likely to suffer from?

Answer 41

Pressure and instrument error

Question 42

How is calibrated airspeed calculated?

Answer 42

Corrected IAS for pressure and instrument error

Question 43

How is equivalent airspeed calculated?

Answer 43

Calibrated airspeed corrected for compressibility error. (CAS always higher than EAS)

Question 44

How is true airspeed calculated?

Answer 44

Equivalent airspeed correct for density error

Question 45

In order to fly a turn of same radius at higher airspeed, what do you need to do?

Answer 45

Fly a greater bank angle

Question 46

What is the constant rate turn?

Answer 46

180 degrees in 1min 360 degrees in 2 min Turn of 3 degrees per second 10% airspeed + 7 = AoB (degrees)

Question 47

What two variables control turn performance?

Answer 47

Angle of bank | True airspeed

Question 48

What affect will increasing the TAS have on the radius and rate of turn?

Answer 48

Increase radius of turn | Decrease rate of turn

Question 49

What affect will decreasing IAS have on radius and rate of turn?

Answer 49

Decrease radius of turn | Increases rate of turn

Question 50

What affect will increasing the angle of bank have on radius and rate of turn?

Answer 50

Decrease radius of turn | Increase rate of turn

Question 51

What affect will decreased angle of bank have on radius and rate of turn?

Answer 51

Increase radius of turn, decrease rate of turn

Question 52

Longitudinal stability is stability about what axis?

Answer 52

Lateral axis, pitching plane

Question 53

Lateral stability is stability about which axis?

Answer 53

Longitudinal axis (rolling plane)

Question 54

Directional stability is stability about which axis?

Answer 54

Normal axis (yawing)

Question 55

Where is the restoring force for longitudinal stability?

Answer 55

Horizontal stabiliser (tail)

Question 56

How is lateral stability increased?.

Answer 56

With dihedral and high wing | Sweepback wings

Question 57

What provides restoring force for directional stability?

Answer 57

Large keel surfaces aft of CoG

Question 58

What is stronger, lateral or directional stability? What is one affect of this difference?

Answer 58

Directional stability | Spiral dive

Question 59

What is the function of the trim wheel?

Answer 59

Reduce the moment of the hinge line of the control surfaces to zero (hands off)

Question 60

Where can trim tabs be located?

Answer 60

Elevator Rudder Aileron

Question 61

What and why are balance tabs used for?

Answer 61

Reduce the force required to deflect control surface. Used as planes get faster and control surfaces get bigger

Question 62

What are the types of balance tabs?

Answer 62

Fixed Aerodynamic Automatic

Question 63

What are fixed balance tabs?

Answer 63

Small metal tab that can be bent into set position. | Only adjusted on the ground, need to be confirmed by flight test

Question 64

What are Aerodynamic balance tabs?

Answer 64

Most commonly used in rudders and elevators | Horn balance protrudes into airflow

Question 65

What are automatic balance tabs?

Answer 65

Tab is lined with control surface and automatically moves to assist control deflection. Tab moves opposite direction to control surface to provide assisting force.

Question 66

What is mass balance?

Answer 66

Helps reduce flutter by moving CoG closer to hinge line

Question 67

When taxing into strong headwind, what should you do?

Answer 67

Control column either neutral or back

Question 68

When taxing with a strong tail, what should you do?

Answer 68

Hold control column forward