Affective Bases of Behavior

Question 1

Criteria for Schizophrenia

Answer 1

Age 21+ in 1 month period
(at least 1, 2, or 3)
1. delusions
2. hallucinations
3. disorganized speech (word salad)
4. grossly disorganized or catatonic bx
5. negative sx

6 months of disturbance

Question 2

Criteria for Bipolar I

Answer 2

Bridge between schizophrenia diagnoses and depressive diagnoses

Must meet mania criteria for 1+ week or hypomania for 4 consecutive days followed by MDD

3 of the following (Mania):
1. inflated self esteem
2. dec need for sleep
3. talkative or pressure to be
4. flight of ideas racing thoughts
5. distractibility
6. increase in goal-directed activity
7. excessive involvement in activities w/ neg consequences

Question 3

Criteria for Bipolar II

Answer 3

Less severe mania (hypomania) than BP I

Question 4

Criteria for Major Depression Disorder

Answer 4

5+ during the same 2 week period, at least 1 and/or 2
1. depressed mood
2. marked diminished interest in activities used to like
3. weight or appetite inc/dec
4. insomnia/hypersomnia
5. psychomotor agitation
6. fatigue or loss of energy
7. worthlessness or excessive guilt
8. diminished ability to think/concentrate or indecisiveness
9. recurrent thoughts of death or SI

distress/impairment
never manic/hypomanic

Question 5

Criteria for PTSD

Answer 5

1. Direct exposure/witnessing/learning/repeated exposure to traumatic exp
2. Intrusion sx (memories, dreams, dissociative, psych distress, psych reactions to cues)
3. Avoidance of stimuli
4. negative alterations in cognition/mood
5. arousal/reactivity
6. +1 month

Question 6

Criteria for Autism Spectrum Disorder

Answer 6

1. Affected and restricted social communication and interaction
2. repetitive patterns of behavior, interest, activities (rigidity, sameness, rituals, hyper sensory input)

Develops around 2-3
Interaction delays

Question 7

Criteria for OCD

Answer 7

1. Presence of obsessions (recurrent, persistent thoughts, urges, images; intrusive and unwanted anx, attempts to ignore/suppress) and/or compulsions (repetitive bx or mental acts that indiv feels driven to perform, bx aimed to prevent or reduce anx/bx not in reality)
2. obs/com time consuming or clinically sig

Question 8

Criteria for ADHD

Answer 8

inattention 6+
1. attention to detail
2. sustained attention
3. not listening
4. doesnt follow thu/start tasks
5. difficulty organizing tasks
6. avoid required attention
7. loses things
8. easily distracted by stimuli

hyperactivity 6+
1. fidgets/taps/squirms
2. leaving seat
3. restless
4. unable to be quiet
5. excessive talking
6. blurts out
7. difficulty waiting
8. interrupts

before age 12
2+ settings

Question 9

Criteria for Prolonged Grief Disorder

Answer 9

1. identity disruption
2. sense of disbelief
3. avoidance of reminders
4. intense emotional pain
5. difficulty w reintegration
6. emotional numbness
7. meaninglessness
8. loneliness

Question 10

Basic epidemiological information related to frequencies in population for special groups

Answer 10

1. sx linked to pathology in dominant cultures may not be indicative of indiv from non-dom cultures
2. less distinction between mind and body (somatization)
3. psych dx often over diagnosed w/ african americans and hispanics and are underdx w mood disorders

Question 11

Difference between ICD and DSM

Answer 11

DSM: for insurance, medical settings, research
ICD: not meeting full DSM criteria, global, more accessible, comorbidity, clinical

Question 12

Personality Disorders

Answer 12

Enduring pattern of inner experience and bx that deviates markedly from the expectations of the individuals’ culture, is pervasive and flexible, has an onset in adolescence or early adulthood, is stable over time and leads to distress or impairment

Question 13

Criteria for Borderline Personality Disorder

Answer 13

Pervasive pattern of instability of interpersonal r/s, self image, and affects and marked impulsivity, beginning by early adulthood in variety of contexts
5+ sx
1. frantic efforts to avoid (real or imagined) abandonment
2. unstable & intense interpersonal r/s (idealization & devaluation)
3. Identity disturbance: unstable self image or sense of self
4. Impulsivity in at least 2 areas that are potentially self-damaging
5. Recurrent suicidal bx, gestures, threats
6. Affective instability d/t reactivity of mood
7. chronic feelings of emptiness
8. inappropriate, intense anger or difficulty controlling
9. transient stress-related paranoid ideation or severe dissociative sx