Afib

Question 1

What is AfIB

Answer 1

super ventricular arrhythmia with uncoordinated atrial activation
Irregular heart rhythm where the atria of the heart quivers instead of contracting or beating properly

Question 2

What does AFIB show on ECG

Answer 2

no P waves and irregular activation of ventricles

Question 4

Explain the process of AFIB

Answer 4

Instead of the SA node acting as a pace maker, several ectopic atrial pacemakers take control which causes the atria to quiver and they take chaotic pathways from the atria to the av node

Question 5

What does the AV node act as

Answer 5

A gatekeeper and it determines ventricular rate

Question 6

Signs/symptoms of AFIB

Answer 6

palpitations
Chest pain
Shortness of breath
Fatigue

Question 7

Diagnosis of AFIB

Answer 7

Medical history (risk factors)

12-lead ECG

BLOOD TESTS

Question 8

What do the Blood tests do (AFIB)

Answer 8

they check for kidney function, serum, electrolytes, liver function
And any conditions that may excarcebate AF

Question 9

What is the 12 lead used to check AFIB

Answer 9

it confirms rhythm determine ventricular rate, structural heart disease, conduction defects or ischaemia

Question 10

What do3s medical history assess AFIB

Answer 10

Risk factors and comorbidities

Question 11

Overall management of AfIB

Question 13

How to reduce symptoms by rate and rhythm control

Answer 13

-Therapies that revert sinus rhythm

-Treating the underlying cause of sepsis,fluid overload

Question 14

Comorbidities of AFIB

Answer 14

-obesity
-diabetes
-smoking
-alchohol/drugs
-hypertension
-heart failure
-lack of exercise

Question 15

How to manage Obesity in AFIB

Answer 15

Encourage weight loss

Question 16

How to manage diabetes in AFIB

Answer 16

Control glycemic with medication and diet monitoring

Question 17

How to manage smoking,drugs and alchohol comorbidities in AFIB

Answer 17

Cessation

Question 18

How to manage lack of activity in AFIB

Answer 18

Encourage gradual excercise through tailored excersise program

Question 19

How to manage heart failure

Answer 19

Administer diuretics for congestion and monitor vitals

Question 20

How to manage hypertension in AFIB

Answer 20

Bp monitoring and lower treatment (medication)

Question 21

Medications for AFIB

Answer 21

-apixaban
-rivaroxaban
-VKA(vitamin k antagonist)

Question 22

What should be considered about medications for AFIB

Answer 22

-medications may have interactions with other drugs and food
For example: VKA was discontinued due to interactions with a lot of food

Question 23

How to decrease stroke risk for patients with AFIB

Answer 23

-OACS SHOULD BE PROVIDED

Question 24

What are the complications AFIB MAY LEAD TO

Answer 24

-stroke (x5)
-hear failure
-cognitive decline/memory loss
-thromboembolism
-chronic fatigue
-myocardial ischaemia

Question 25

How does AFIB lead to cognitive decline/memory loss

Answer 25

Decreased cerebral blood flow

Question 26

How does AFIB lead to myocardial ischaemia

Answer 26

Increased 02 demand on cardiac muscle (overworks)

Question 27

How does AFIB lead to heart failure

Answer 27

Decreased cardiac output due to rapid HR

Question 28

Nursing considerations with AFIB

Answer 28

-Assessment and monitoring -Medication therapy -Environmental considerations -Psychological care

Question 29

What is the assessing and monitoring of AFIB consist of

Answer 29

-Monitoring of vitals (HR,BP,SPO2) -Stroke signs -Neurological changes, Heart failure signs (SOB,odema,reduced excercise tolerance)

Question 30

Medication therapy AFIB CONSIDERATIONS

Answer 30

-Side effects (bleeding) -10 rights -Observe rate,rhythm control,hypertension -Education

Question 31

Pyschological care in AFIB consideration

Answer 31

Education,reassurance,person centred care Autonomous care