After Exam 3 Flashcards
(40 cards)
if you’re making a buffer with a W/S species, the ___ will always be in the greater amount
weak species
if you’re making a buffer with a CA/CB and the pKa of the acid is > than the pH you want…
the acid will be greater in amount
if you’re making a buffer with a CA/CB and the pKa of the acid is < than the pH you want…
the base will be in greater amount
the sign of G will always be the same as…
the sign of H
at the switch temp, what changes?
the sign of delta G (either spontaneous –> not spontaneous or vise-versa)
spontaneity will only switch temps if…
ΔH and ΔS have the same sign
if ΔH = (+) and ΔS = (+)…
there is a switch temp at T = ΔH/ΔS
if ΔH = (-) and ΔS = (-)…
there is a switch temp at T = ΔH/ΔS
if ΔG > 0…
K < 1, ΔS < 0, not spontaneous
if ΔG < 0…
K > 1 (Kforward > Kbackwards), ΔS > 0, spontaneous
if ΔH = (-), the reaction is…
exothermic (releases energy)
if ΔH = (+), the reaction is…
endothermic (absorbs energy)
order of strength of IMF bonds
London < dipole < H-bond
E = (-) Voltage =
NOT spontaneous
E = (+) Voltage =
spontaneous
A + B –> C + D = __/ __ || __/__
A / C || B / D
loss of electrons =
LEO
- oxidation
- reducing agent
reducing agent is a ___
product
gain of electrons =
GER
- reduction
- oxidizing agent
oxidizing agent is a ___
reactant
Reduction Table: if the slope from the reducing agent –> oxidizing agent is (-)…
NOT spontaneous
Reduction Table: if the slope from the reducing agent –> oxidizing agent is (+)…
spontaneous!
voltaic (galvanic) cell =
(E) Voltage = (+) = spontaneous!
electrolytic cell =
(E) Voltage = (-) = NOT spontaneous
