Age of Reform, Compromises, Civil War, Reconstruction Review Sheet

Question 1

What was the fugitive slave law? What did it lead to?

Answer 1

Required citizens to help catch runaway slaves. Led to kidnappers, stealing legally freed men and women and selling them back into slavery. Increase the belief around abolition.

Question 2

What event caused the Southern States to secede?

Answer 2

Election of Abraham Lincoln in 1860.

Question 3

What is popular sovereignty? When was it implemented? Why?

Answer 3

People have the right to rule and make decision based on voting. This was implement during the Kansas Nebraska Act in order to deal with the issues of extended slavery into the western territories.

Question 4

When were slaves declared as property?

Answer 4

Dred Scott v. Sandford (1857), declared that the Constitution protected slavery because slaves were labled property by the US Supreme Court

Question 5

What are the economic differences between the northern and southern states?

Answer 5

Northern states relied and developed a manufacturing industry and the southern states relied on agriculture and raw material production.

Question 6

Did Lincoln think our country could last the way it was going half slave and half free?

Answer 6

Lincoln did not believe the country could endure permanently half free and half slave. While he wanted to preserve the Union he recognized our current situation could not last forever.

Question 7

What was the compromises over slavery?

Answer 7

See Notes for details

Missouri Compromise (MO=Slave, ME=Free, 36,30 line, kept balance but will not last)

Compromise of 1850 (Abandon MO Compromise, CA=Free, Stronger Fugitive Slave Act)

Kansas Nebraska Act (Popular Sovereignty, Bleeding Kansas, John Brown)

Question 8

Who was John Brown? What did he push us towards?

Answer 8

Abolitonist who believe in immediate emancipation through force. Contributed to “Bleeding Kansas”. Arrested and hanged for his attempt to overthrow an arsenal. Seen as martyr who pushed us into the Civil War.

Question 9

What is sectionalism why did it arise?

Answer 9

Economic interests in specific regions were different due their geographic location.

Question 10

Abolitionists were most closely associated with what other reform movement?

Answer 10

Womens Rights/Suffrage Movement

Question 11

What was the biggest advantage of the north during the Civil War?

Answer 11

More war material and humaresources n (people)

Question 12

What was Lincoln’s goal prior to the Civil War? How did he justify the Civil War?

Answer 12

Preserve the Union not to end slavery. He justified the Civil War but saying he had to a duty to preserve the Union.

Question 13

What was the main cause of death during the Civil War?

Answer 13

Disease

Question 14

Who was more prepared to fight the Civil War?

Answer 14

The North

Question 15

What were the Reconstruction Amendements? (13,14,15)

Answer 15

13- Abolishes Slavery
14- Birthright Citizenship (Born in USA makes you a citizen and protects you under our laws)
15- Citizen voting rights (If you are a citizen you have the right to vote)

Most important part of Reconstrution.

Question 16

Who were the Radical Republicans what did they want to do the Southern States?

Answer 16

Group of Republicans in Congress who wanted to punish the Southern States for the actions during the Civil War. They wanted to enforce political and social reform on the Souther States.

Question 17

How did Lincoln’s assassination impact Reconstruction?

Answer 17

Lincoln’s assisination impacted Reconstruction because Congress was able to enforce a much harsher punishment on the Southern States in the Wade Davis Bill.

Question 18

What were poll taxes, literacy tests, and the grandfather clause? Why were they put into place?

Answer 18

These were all ways that Southern States tried to limit the newly gained rights by African American men. They required citizens to pay a tax to votes, take a test, and exempt you from the previous requirements if your grandfather had voted previously. It allowed poor white farmers to vote while limiting African American’s ability to vote.

Question 19

What was Sharecropping?

Answer 19

It was slavery in disguise, it forced newly freedmen and women to be tied to the slave because they could never earn enough to pay off they debt they acrued in order to grow the crops in the first place.

Question 20

How were Andrew Johnson and Lincoln’s plan similar?

Answer 20

Both plans sought to readmit the Southern States as quickly as possible.

Question 21

What was the purpose of the Emancipation Proclamation?

Answer 21

It was the order by Lincoln to free all enslaved people in states who were in rebellion of the Union. Changed the meaning of the Civil War increased military enrollment, and helped the North win the war.

Question 22

What was the main result of the Civil War?

Answer 22

The National Government was strengthen over the State Governments.

Question 23

What was Total War how did it impact the Civil War?

Answer 23

Destroy all civilian property, make the South feel the impacts of the War and destroy their will to fight.