Aggression

Question 1

What is Aggression

Answer 1

Physical/verbal behaviour intended to hurt someone

Question 2

What are the 2 types of Aggression

Answer 2

1. Hostile Aggression : Aggression that springs from anger
   - Goal is to injure
   - Impulse, strong emotion
2. Instrumental Aggression : Aggression that is a means to some other end
   - Involves strategic ddecision-making
   - Does not stem from anger

Question 3

What are the 3 theories of aggression

Answer 3

1. Biological Phenomenon
   - Instinct Theory
   - Evolutionary Theory
   - Neural Influences
   - Gender Influences
   - Biochemical Influences
2. Frustration Response
   - Frustration-Aggression Theory
   - Revised Frustration-Aggression Theory
   - Relative Deprivation
3. Learned Social Behaviour
   - Social learning Theory
   - Family
   - Culture

Question 4

What are the influences on aggression

Answer 4

1. Aversive Incidents
2. Arousal from a source
3. Aggression Cues
4. Viewing Violence
5. Group Influence

Question 5

Explain the Media’s Effect on Thinking (Viewing Violence)

Answer 5

1. Desensitization (feeling less empathy for others)
2. Social Scripts (Mental instructions for how to act)
3. Altered Perceptions (Exaggerate the frequency of violence)
4. Cognitive Priming (Primes aggression-related ideas)

Question 6

Explain the Instict Theory on aggression (Biological Phenomenon)

Answer 6

Aggression is instinctive, unlearned behaviour

Question 7

Explain the Evolutionary Theory on aggression

Answer 7

Aggression is an adaptive behaviour
- Strategy to gain resources, defend attack, eliminate male rivals for females, deter mates from sexual infidelity

Question 8

Explain Neural Influences on aggression

Answer 8

Brain neural systems facilitate aggression
- When brain areas (hypothalamus) activated, hostility increases

Question 9

Explain Gender Influences on aggression

Answer 9

Heredity influences neural system’s sensitivity to aggressive cues

Question 10

Explain Biochemical Influences on aggression

Answer 10

Alcohol, drugs, low serotonin, poor diet

Question 11

What is the Frustration response and its revised version

Answer 11

Frustration-Aggression Theory : Explains hostile aggression
- Frustration blocks goal-directed behaviour, produces anger and hostility

Revised Frustration-Aggression Theory : Produces anger only when people become upset

Question 12

What is Relative Deprivation

Answer 12

Perception that one is less well-off than others whom they compare with

Question 14

Social Learning Theory

Answer 14

We learn social behaviour by observing and imitating, being rewarded or punished