Prejudice Flashcards
(27 cards)
Define Prejudice
Preconceived negative/positive judgement of a group and its individual members
Define Stereotypes
Beliefs about the personal attributes of a group of people
Explain the 2 types of prejudice
- Covert Prejudice : Implicit, subtle
- Overt Prejudice : Explicit, blatant
Explain the differences between Discrimination, Sexism, and Racism
Discrimination : Unjustified negative behaviour toward a group or its members
Racism : Prejudice against people of different races
Sexism : Prejudice against people of different genders
Explain Racial Prejudice
Seeing others as more prejudiced than we are
Explain 4 subtle forms of racial prejudice
- Employment Discrimination
- Favouritism Galore : Airbnb hosts less likely to accept clients with African-American names
- Traffic stops : African-Americans more likely to be stopped and arrested
- Patronization : Exaggerated reactions to isolated minority persons, talking down
What is Automatic Racial Prejudice
Unconscious form of racial prejudice, involves primitive regions of the brain associated with fear (amygdala)
What is Gender Prejudice
People’s beliefs about how men and women do behave
- Stronger than racial stereotypes
Social Sources of Prejudice
- Social Inequalities
- Unequal Status breeds prejudice
- Social Dominance Orientation - Socialization
- Authoritarian Personality
- Ethnocentricity
- Conformity - Social Institutions
Explain Social Dominance Orientation
Motivation to have one’s group dominate other social groups
Explain The Authoritarian Personality
Personality disposed to favour obedience and authority, intolerance of outgroups and groups lower in status
What is Ethnocentricity
Believing in the superiority of one’s ethnic group, having corresponding disdain for other groups
Explain Conformity
People act out of a need to be liked and accepted
What are the 3 motivational sources of prejudice
- Scapegoat Theory
- Realistic Group Conflict Theory
- Social Identity Theory
- Ingroup Bias
Explain the Scapegoat Theory
People who are frustrated displace their aggression, direct their hostility at competing groups
- Leads to hate crimes
Explain the Realistic Group Conflict Theory
Prejudice arises from competition for scarce resources
- Leads to frustration, then prejudice
Explain the Social Identity Theory
Person’s sense of who they are is based on their group memberships
What is the Ingroup Bias
Feeling superior to others
- Contrast our ingroup with the outgroup and engage in favourable bias toward ingroup and outgroup denigration
- Show support for ingroup, simultaneously putting those down from outgroup
What are the 3 cognitive sources of prejudice (CAD)
- Categorization (C)
- Classifying people into groups based on perceived similarities and differences
- Spontaneous Categorization
- Outgroup Homogeneity Effect
- Own Race Bias - Attribution (A)
- Group Serving Bias
- Just-world Phenomenon - Distinctiveness (D)
- Perceiving poeple who stand out
- Distinct cases used as shortcuts to judge groups
Explain Spontaneous Categorization
Find it easier to rely on stereotypes when we are preoccupied or tired
Explain Outgroup Homogeneity Effect
Perception of outgroup members as more similar to one another than ingroup members
Explain Own Race Bias
Tendency for people to more accurately recognise faces of their own race
Explain Group-serving Bias
Attributing outgroup members’ positive behaviours to situational factors, attributing negative behaviours to their dispositions
Explain the Just-world phenomenon
Tendency of people to believe that the world is just
- You get what you deserve and deserve what you get
