Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM


Top Flashcards (Certified)
All Flashcards

Social Beahviour > Aggression > Flashcards

Aggression Flashcards

1
Q

Aggression Definition

A

The intent to harm

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Measuring aggression

A

scientists using definitions corresponding to their values causing differences in studied behaviour

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Operational definition

A

Defines theoretical term in a way that allows it to be manipulated or measured

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Four different operationalisations of aggression

A
  • > Analogues of behaviour
  • > signal of intention
  • > Ratings by self or others
  • > Indirect aggression
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Analogue

A

Device or measure intended to faithfully mimic real object

  • > ethical research
  • > External validity (can one generalise?)
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

External validity

A

Similarity between circumstances surrounding an experiment and circumstances encountered in everyday life

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Nature-nurture controversy

A

Do genetic or environmental factors determine human behaviour?

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Biological explanation of aggression

A

innate action tendency

-> instinct

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Instinct is…

A
  • > goal-directed
  • > beneficial
  • > adapted
  • > shared
  • > developed
  • > unlearned
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Psychodynamic theory (aggression)

A
  • > aggression stems from innate drive to self-destruct

- > redirected towards other people

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Ethology definition

A

Animal behaviour should be conducted in natural physical and social environment. Behaviour genetically determined and controlled by natural selction

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Releasers

A

Stimuli in natural environment which cause aggressive behaviour

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Ethology

A
  • > aggression has survival value
  • > unlikely to cause death in intraspecies aggression
  • > fighting instinct
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Evolutionary social psychology

A

Views complex social behaviour as adaptive, helping the individual and the species to survive

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Evolutionary social psychology (aggression)

A
  • > aggression innate and biological basis for social behaviour
  • > behaviour evolved survival of genes to pass on
  • > aggression adaptive
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Limitations of biological argument (aggression)

A
  • > unknown and unmeasurable energy
  • > limited and biased empirical observation
  • > circular logic proposing causal connections without evidence
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Biosocial theories definition

A

, theories that emphasise an innate component, though not the existence of a full-blown instinct

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Frustration aggression theory

A

: Theory that all frustration leads to aggression, and all aggression comes from frustration

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

Excitation-transfer model

A

expression of aggression is a function of learnt behaviour, some excitation from another source, and the person’s interpretation of the arousal state
-> heightened arousal may lead to more aggressiveness

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

Hate crime

A

class of violence against members of a stereotyped minority group

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

Social learning theory definition

A

human social behaviour is not innate but learnt from appropriate models

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

Social learning theory (aggression)

A
  • > acquisition of behaviour
  • > instigation of overt act
  • > maintenance of behaviour
  • > learning by direct/vicarious behaviour
  • > modelling effect
  • > rules of conduct internalise aggression
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

Modelling effect

A

Tendency for a person to reproduce the actions, attitudes and emotional responses exhibited by a real-life or symbolic model

24
Q

Personality differences in aggression

A
  • > more aggression when attriuted with hostile intentions
  • > low self-esteem
  • > poor frustration tolerance
  • > insecure attachment style
25
Type A personality
behavioural correlate of heart disease characterised by striving to achieve, time urgency, competitiveness and hostility - > avoiding exposure to incompetence while working alone - > socially destructive
26
Hormones in aggression
-> heterosexual males correlate with higher level of aggression (testosterone)
27
Gender and socialisation in aggression
- > sociocultural theory - > sexual selection theory - > men more aggressive across cultures and socioeconomic groups - > gender and nationality interact in relational aggression
28
Catharsis aggression
idea that aggressive motivation is ‘drained’ by acting against a frustrating object (or substitute), or by a vicarious experience
29
Cathartic hypothesis
The notion that acting aggressively, or even just viewing aggressive material, reduces feelings of anger and aggression
30
Alcohol in aggression
- > disinhibition hypothesis - > drink more = more aggressive - > social pressure - > sexual aggression more likely - > impairs higher-order cognitive operations - > alcohol myopia - > placebo and priming effect
31
disinhibition hypothesis
alcohol compromises cortical control and increases activity in more primitive brain areas
32
alcohol myopia
narrowing our attention to provocative cues when drinking alcohol
33
Disinhibition definition
A breakdown in the learnt controls (social mores) against behaving impulsively or, in this context, aggressively
34
Situational variables in aggressive behaviour
- > heat - > crowding - > sports events
35
Heat in aggression
when ambient temperature rises aggressive behaviour increases
36
Crowding in aggression
-> feeling crowded leads to aggression and hostile and malevolent behaviour
37
General aggression model
Anderson’s model that includes both personal and situational factors, and cognitive and affective processes in accounting for different kinds of aggression
38
Big Five
The five major personality dimensions of extraversion/ surgency, agreeableness, conscientiousness, emotional stability and intellect/openness to experience
39
Societal influences in aggression
- > disadvantaged groups - >Criminality and demographics - > subculture of violence
40
Disadvantaged groups in aggression
- > cause or victim - > isolation from posocial moral norms as child - > relative deprivation
41
Criminality and demographics in aggression
- > emancipation of women may be criminogenic - > culture and norms shape aggressiveness - > culture of honour
42
Culture of honour
- > female infidelity damages man´s reputation | - > reputation restored through exacting retribution
43
Subculture of violence
A subgroup of society in which a higher level of violence is accepted as the norm - > rewards for violence - > machismo
44
Machismo
A code in which challenges, abuse and even differences of opinion must be met with fists or other weapons
45
Mass media in aggression
- > desensitisation - > model effect (social learning theory) - > neo-associationist analysis - > priming - > weapons-effect - > erotica connected to sexual deviancy,sexual assault and attitudes to intimate relationships and rape myths
46
Rape myths
- > high on RMA:rape consistent cues and right wing | - > bias towards blaming the victim (cognitive schema)
47
Erotica in aggression
- > exposure to violence cause men to desensitise to violence against women - > pornography contributing to negative attitudes towards all women - > objectifying women
48
Objectification theory
Women’s life experiences and gender socialisation routinely include experiences of sexual objectification - > internalised by women causing mental harm - > men more intentions to be sexually biolent when internalised
49
Domestic and intimate partner violence
- > women more likely to use physical aggression - -> evolutionary (more fear) - -> biological (hormones) - -> cultural norms (western culture) - -> Intimate partner violence (oxytocin when intimate partner presence increases possibility of female aggression - > violent females do less harm than violent males
50
Gender asymmetrie in aggression
- > intimate partner violence equal - > belief in a just world - > gender and ethnic asymmetries underlie partner abuse
51
Hurting the one we "love"
- > abuse syndrome (learnt patterns of aggression) - > proximity - > stresses - > division of power - > alcohol consumption
52
Institutionalised aggression definition
Aggression that is given formal or informal recognition and social legitimacy by being incorporated into rules and norms
53
Institutionalised aggression
- > society - > war - > state - > individuals
54
Role of society in aggression
- > preserving social order or changing struggle against oppression - > institutionalised can be legitamised and socially desirable
55
War in aggression
higher rates of homicides and assault
56
role of state in aggression
- > warfare not possible without supporting psychological structure - > legitimised predjudice - > ideologies - > widespread violence for control and domination - > normative (aggression is reasonable)
57
Reducing aggression
- > individual level (political decisions) - > punitive tactics (corporal punishment) - > educational opportunities - > laws - > peace studies

Social Beahviour (3 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2025 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions