Aging Of The Special Senses

Question 1

What are the Eye’s components?

Answer 1

▪️Cornea
▪️Pupil
▪️Lens
▪️Iris 
▪️Vitreous Humor 
▪️Aqueous Humor 
▪️Retina 
▪️Optic Nerve
▪️Sclera

Question 2

What is the cornea?

Answer 2

The window of the eye

Question 3

What is the Pupil?

Answer 3

Black circle; control light

Question 4

What is the lens?

Answer 4

Clear; focusing- attached to muscle

Question 5

What is the iris?

Answer 5

Colored: controls pupil size

Question 6

What is the vitreous humor?

Answer 6

Gel in eye; behind lens

Question 7

What is the aqueous humor?

Answer 7

Nourishes cornea, lens

Question 8

What is the retina?

Answer 8

Converts light to chemical info

Question 9

What is the optic nerve?

Answer 9

Sends info to the brain

Question 10

What is the Sclera?

Answer 10

White protective covering

Question 11

What are the age related changes in the eyes?

Answer 11

▪️⬇️Tear drop production
▪️Lens and Sclera yellowing 
(⬇️ability to distinguish color)
▪️Iris hardens and fades 
▪️translucent cornea 
▪️vitreous humor shrinks, detaches from retina -> light flashes and or floaters 
▪️⬇️aqueous humor drainage -> ⬆️ pressure = GLAUCOMA
▪️Delayed dark adaptation 
▪️loss fine focus (80% loss by 85)

Question 12

What is Presbyopia?

Answer 12

farsightedness (hyperopia) caused by loss of elasticity of the lens of the eye, occurring typically in middle and old age

*Difficulty seeing close objects, common 40yrs

Question 13

How is Presbyopia corrected?

Answer 13

Bifocals or reading glasses

Question 14

What is the effects of yellowing of the lens?

Answer 14

Narrowing of pupil- less light reaching the retina to regulate circadian rhythms (internal clock).
▪️Clock = regulation of cortisol in the AM and melatonin release on the PM

Question 15

Is there a need for blue light stimulation?

Answer 15

Yes but this is filtered out by aging lens; 50% reduction by 45.

Question 16

What is blindness due to?

Answer 16

▪️Glaucoma 
▪️Cataracts
▪️Diabetic Retinopathy
▪️Macular Degeneration 
▪️Detached retina

Question 17

What is Glaucoma?

Answer 17

Glaucoma is a condition that causes damage to your eye’s optic nerve and gets worse over time.

Question 18

What happens to the eyes when a person has glaucoma?

Answer 18

▪️⬇️Drainage➡️
▪️⬆️Pressure➡️
▪️⬆️Blood vessel constriction➡️
▪️Degeneration of optic nerve

• serious when undetected
• eye usually damages when finally aware

Question 19

What are the symptoms of glaucoma?

Answer 19

Blurred vision, halos around lights, pain, watery eyes, loss of peripheral vision (tunnel vision)

Question 20

What are treatments for glaucoma?

Answer 20

Eye drops or drainage to relieve pressure

Question 21

What is diabetic retinopathy?

Answer 21

A complication of diabetes that affects the eyes.

Question 22

What occurs to the eyes during diabetic retinopathy?

Answer 22

Retinal capillaries rupture

Bleeding into vitreous humor

Question 23

What are treatments for diabetic retinopathy?

Answer 23

Laser surgery, drain vitreous humor

Question 24

What are some symptoms of diabetic retinopathy?

Answer 24

Clouding of vision, spots (showers)

Question 25

What is cataracts?

Answer 25

Clouding of the normally clear lens of the eye. Clouding+Compression+Yellowing

Question 26

What are treatments for cataracts?

Answer 26

Lens replacement | Laser treatment

Question 27

What are symptoms of cataracts?

Answer 27

Blurred, dimmed vision | Presbyopia improves

Question 28

What is presbycusis?

Answer 28

Presbycusis is the loss of hearing that gradually occurs in most individuals as they grow older. *Loss high low frequencies + nerve degeneration

Question 29

When is presbycusis noticeable?

Answer 29

By 50yrs

Question 30

Who is more likely to experience presbycusis?

Answer 30

Men > Women | Urban > Suburban

Question 31

What is tinnitus?

Answer 31

Ringing of the ears

Question 32

Who experiences tinnitus?

Answer 32

Women > Men

Question 33

What are the sounds that a person with tinnitus May hear?

Answer 33

``` Hissing Roaring Whistling Chirping Clicking ```

Question 34

Is there obstruction in the ear of you have tinnitus?

Answer 34

It can be that something has got into your ear like a bug

Question 35

What is deafness?

Answer 35

the condition of lacking the power of hearing or having impaired hearing. *total loss is rare

Question 36

What are the two types of deafness?

Answer 36

Nerve Deafness | Conductive Deafness

Question 37

What is Nerve Deafness?

Answer 37

Receptor cells or nerves aids do not help | ▪️Cochlear implant

Question 38

What is conductive deafness?

Answer 38

Blocked pathway (earwax, bug, ossified bone)