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Module 1 > AGK Electrics > Flashcards

AGK Electrics Flashcards

1
Q

Pilots side Skimattic diagram

A 
BAT 1                BAT 2
                      DC BAT
  \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_|
DC 1                     |
   |                  DC ESS
TR 1
   |                  AC ESS
AC 1 \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_|
   |
GEN 1
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2
Q

F/O side Skimattic diagram

A 
DC 2
   |
TR 2
   |
AC 2
   |
GEN 2
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3
Q

An aircraft electrical system provides…

A

Electrical energy uses by electrical components

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4
Q

Components are known as what 2 things:

A

Current consuming devises (consumers)

Loads

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5
Q

Voltage =

A

Electrical potential difference across two points in a circuit

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6
Q

Current =

A

Electron flow measured in amps

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7
Q

Resistance can only be found in

A

DC circuits

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8
Q

Impedance =

A

AC current resistance

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9
Q

Capacitance =

A

The ability to store charge

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10
Q

Electric current is produced when _____ flow in an orderly way through a _____

A

Electrons

Conductor

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11
Q

Current only flows when a circuit is _____ or _____

A

Complete

Closed

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12
Q

Consumers/Loads can only be powered when a _____ is _____

A

Current

Flowing

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13
Q

Friction produces

A

Static electricity

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14
Q

Light aircraft usually have a __ volt __ system

A

14

DC

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15
Q

Larger twin turbine aircraft usually have a __ volt __ system

A

28

DC

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16
Q

Modern jet airliners usually have a ____ __ system at a frequency of ____

A

115v/200v AC

400Hz

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17
Q

A conductor is any _____ which readily allows _____ _____ to flow through it

A

Material

Electrical current

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18
Q

An atom consists of:

A

Protons
Electrons
Neutrons

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19
Q

Electrons that jump from one atom to another are know as

A

Free electrons

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20
Q

When atoms have more electrons than protons they are

A

Negatively charged

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21
Q

When an atom’s electrons does not equal the number of protons it is know as an

A

Ion

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22
Q

Materials that have tightly bound _____ which resist movement between _____ cannot easily _____ electrical current are called ____

A

Electrons
Atoms
Conduct
Insulators

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23
Q

Materials that have _____ that move easily from atom to atom are know as _____

A

Electrons

Conductors

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24
Q

Batteries have _____ and _____ terminals

A

Positive

Negative

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25
Q

A positive battery terminal is called an

A

Anode

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26
Q

A negative battery terminal is called a

A

Cathode

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27
Q

The diffrence in charge between a positive and a negative terminal is the _____ _____ or the _____ _____

A 
Electric potential 
Electromotive force (EMF)
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28
Q

In a closed circuit

A

Current flows

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29
Q

In an open circuit

A

No current flows

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30
Q

It was assumed that electrons travel from positive to negative, this is known as _____ _____. When actually electrons traveling from negative to positive known as _____ _____

A

Conventional flow

Electron flow

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31
Q

Ohm’s Law:

A

V=IR

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32
Q

Electrons have

A

Magnetic fields

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33
Q

Lorentz Law

A

F=BLI

F = force 
B = flux density
L = length of cable 
I = Current
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34
Q

Capacitance

A

The ability of a circuit to store an electric charge or electrical energy

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35
Q

Capacitor

A

An electrical device used to store electrical energy

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36
Q

A capacitor have two _____ _____ separated by a thin insulating materiel know as a _____

A

Conductive plates

Dielectric

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37
Q

Capacitance is determined by 3 things:

A

The area of the plates
The distance between the plates
The dielectric constant of the dielectric

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38
Q

The dielectric constant measures the _____ of the dielectric when compared with that of a _____

A

Effectiveness

Vacuum

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39
Q

C= /

A

c=q/v

c = capacitance 
q = charge
v = voltage
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40
Q

Resistance

A

the opposition to current flow on a circuit

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41
Q

Resistance is determined by 3 factors:

A

The type of material (amount of free electrons)
Cross section area
length

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42
Q

Every _____ in a circuit will have _____

A

Consumer

Resistance

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43
Q

If a resistor in a _____ circuit fails, the whole circuit will _____

A

Series

Fail

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44
Q

Adding resistors in a series circuit

A

Rt = Rt1 + Rt 2 + Rt3

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45
Q

Adding resistors in a parallel circuit

A

1/Rt = 1/Rt1 + 1/Rt2 + 1/Rt3

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46
Q

When temperature increases, resistance will _____

A

Increase

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47
Q

Thermistors

A

Resistors that respond to changes in temperature

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48
Q

When resistance increases with increasing temperature the material has a

A

Positive temperature coefficient

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49
Q

When resistance decreases with increasing temperature the material has a

A

Negative temperature coefficient

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50
Q

Automatic control can be achieved by what 2 switches?

A

Thermo switches

Time switches

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51
Q

Thermo switches are _____ sensitive. Made of a _____ strip which is sensitive to _____ _____

A

Temperature
Bi-metallic
Current flow

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52
Q

Toggle switches have a protruding operating _____ and can have _ or _ selectable positions

A

Lever

2 or 3

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53
Q

Rotary switches are used for _____ functions by changing _____ in a circuit

A

Dimmer

Resistance

54
Q

Push switches may incorporate an _____ _____

A

Illuminated Caption

55
Q

Pole is the _____ part of a switch

A

Connecting

56
Q

Throw is the _____ part of a switch

A

Moving

57
Q

Batteries provides a store of _____ _____ to start the engine or APU and to power _____ services in the event of generator or alternator _____

A

Electrical power
Emergency
Failure

58
Q

Two types of batteries:

A 
Lead Acid 
Nickel Cadmium (NiCd)
59
Q

Light aircraft have ______ batteries

A

Lead acid

60
Q

Large aircraft have _____ batteries

A

NiCd

61
Q

_____ batteries maintain their correct _____ for longer

A

NiCd

Voltage

62
Q

Normal (V)

A

The Benchmark voltage of 12V (minimum voltage)

63
Q

Terminal (V)

A

Actual V measured at the battery terminals

64
Q

The actual voltage provided by a battery on load will be _____ than it’s normal voltage

A

Lower

65
Q

The battery comprises a number of _____. Each cell is a sealed, vented container having two _____ and an _____

A

Cells
Electrodes
Electrolyte

66
Q

The individual cell voltage for a lead acid cell is __ volts (____ load)

A

2.2

Off

67
Q

The Terminal voltage for a lead acid battery is ___V, made up of __ cells

A

12.7V

6

68
Q

The individual cell voltage for a NiCd cell is __ volts (____ load)

A

1.3V

On and Off

69
Q

The Terminal voltage for a NiCd battery is ___V, made up of __ cells

A

12.7V

10

70
Q

In lead acid battery operation, A fully charged state means the plates are

A

Positive - Lead dioxide

Negative - Elemental lead

71
Q

During discharge, Ion flow is moving from _____ to _____ causing electrical _____ within the battery

A

Negative
Positive
Flow

72
Q

During the charged phase, the alternator _____ ion flow whilst ‘boiling’ off the _____ allowing the molecules to _____ to the water content.

A

Reverses
Sulphur
reattach

73
Q

Checking: _____ voltage should be _____ whilst it is off load and then _____ with the voltage when it is on load. A large difference means that the battery is not _____ _____

A

Battery
Measured
Compared
Fully charged

74
Q

If the voltmeter remains low after the Pitot heat has been turned off, that means

A

There is a dead battery

75
Q

If the voltmeter jumps back up after the Pitot heat has been turned off, that means

A

The battery is fully charged

76
Q

If the voltmeter steadily recovers after the Pitot heat has been turned off, that means

A

The battery is 50% charged

77
Q

Re-charge the battery you should

A

Start the engine and run for 20 minutes

78
Q

NiCd batteries are constructed from

A

Nickel Hydroxide – Positive (anode)
Cadmium Hydroxide – Negative (Cathode)
Potassium Hydroxide (electrolyte paste)

79
Q

NiCd batteries are prone to

A

Battery memory and thermal runaway

80
Q

The solution to thermal runaway is to add a _____ which reduces the _____

A

Battery charge limiter (BCL)

Current

81
Q

Capacity is the battery’s ability to produce _____ for a _____ time, measued in _____

A

Current
Minimum
amp hours (Ah)

82
Q

A 40Ah battery should supply ___ for ___ hour or ___ for ___ hours

A

40 amps
1
1 amp
40

83
Q

Colder batteries

A

Decrease capacity and rate of discharge

84
Q

Batteries in series increase/decrease

A

Volts

85
Q

Batteries in parallel increase/decrease

A

Amps

86
Q

An aircraft battery must provide at latest _____ of power

A

30 minutes

87
Q

Hierarchy of an aircraft’s power source

A 
Generator (main engines)
External (ground power 
APU
RAT
Batteries
88
Q 
Must power
Generator: 
External:
APU:
RAT:
Betteries:
A 
90KVA each
unlimited
90KVA
5KVA
1KVA
89
Q

Magnetic fields can be generated by two types of magnet:

A

Permanent magnets

Electromagnets

90
Q

Permanent magnets are made of _____ ____. They are ____ to magnetise, but once done, retains it’s _____.

A

Hard iron
Hard
Magnetism

91
Q

Electromagnets only generate magnetic fields when they are placed within an _____ _____

A

Electric field

92
Q

Electromagnets have a _____ _____, ferromagnetic core. They are ____ to magnetise but lose their magnetism as soon as the _____ _____ is removed.

A

Soft Iron
Easy
Electric field

93
Q

When a material is fully magnetised, it is _____

A

Saturated

94
Q

Red on a magnet is it’s _____, and blue is it’s _____

A

North

South

95
Q

The lines displaying a magnetic field are called the _____ __ _____

A

Lines of Flux

96
Q

In electromagnets, using a DC charge the pole will _____ ___ _____, and using AC they will _____ at the rate of the _____

A

Remain the same
Switch
Frequency

97
Q

A relay switches _____ voltage/current using _____ voltage/current

A

High

Low

98
Q

Relay circuits use _____ to close the _____. When the _____ closes, that _____ the circuit

A

Electromagnets
Switch
Switch
Closes

99
Q

Benefits of a relay circuit :

A

Safer
Cheaper
Will not transfer faults from the AC circuits to the DC circuits

100
Q

Induction

A

The process of generating an electromotive force or voltage using a magnetic field

101
Q

Inductance

A

the ability of a coil to induce a voltage, increases with an increase of the number of turns of wire and if the wire is turned around a ferromagnetic core

102
Q

Magnitude of the induced voltage depends on 3 factors:

A

Speed of movement of the coil
Number of turns of wire in the coil
Strength of the magnetic field

103
Q

An AC Generator features:

A 
Rotating magnet 
Fixed armature (wire)
104
Q

A DC Generator features:

A

Fixed magnet
Rotating armature (wire)
Commutator

105
Q

A DC alternator is an extension to the __ _____, but features a _____ _____ to _____ the __ current

A

AC generator
Diode Rectifier
Convert
AC

106
Q

Benefits of a DC alternator

A

Small

Efficient

107
Q

A DC Generator is a modern version of _____ _____

A

Faraday’s Experiment

108
Q

All generators convert _____ energy into _____ energy.

A

Mechanical

Electrical

109
Q

Stater generator

A

Combination of DC generator producing a DC output and a starter motor using DC to start the engine.

110
Q

As soon as the conductor stops moving through the magnetic field…

A

The current flow stops

111
Q

The sine wave plots the _____ of the _____ and the resulting _____

A

Movement
Conductor
Current

112
Q

In a generator, a Brush is made of _____ and is a _____ object.

A

Carbon

Fixed

113
Q

A Slip-ring is made of _____ and is a _____ object.

A

Copper

Rotating

114
Q

The brush and the slip-ring connect a _____ component to a _____ component.

A

Rotating

Non-rotating

115
Q

Most generators are

A

3 phase AC

116
Q

Modern piston engine aircraft have a __ _____

A

DC alternator

117
Q

Rotor incorporates an _____ _____ and the stator forms the _____ into which the voltage is induced

A

Electromagnetic Field

Coil

118
Q

There are _ diodes in a DC alternator for every _____ in the AC Generator

A

2

Phase

119
Q

There are _ _____ for a 3 phase generator

A

6 Diodes

120
Q

In a Brushless generator, a _____ _____ _____ is used for start up only. This is know as the _____ _____

A

Permanent magnet generator (PMG)

Inital Excitation

121
Q

A voltage regulator controls the _____ to the _____ _____

A

Current

Electromagnetic Field

122
Q

In a voltage regulator, the _____ remain the same and the _____ varies

A

Voltage

Load

123
Q

As engine _____ increases, field strength _____ and vice-versa. This maintains a constant _____.

A

Output (RPM)
Decreases
Voltage

124
Q

There are 2 types of voltage regulator:

A 
Carbon pile (linear)
Solid state switch mode
125
Q

Carbon pile regulators tend to be found in very _____ _____

A

Old aircraft

126
Q

In a carbon pile regulator, _____ through the Carbon stack is _____ to compression. The more the _____, the lower the _____

A

Resistance
Proportional
Compression
Resistance

127
Q

In a DC generator, AC is converted into DC by a _____ _____ _____ and _____ _____

A

Split ring commutator

Carbon brushes

128
Q

DC generators have poor _____ at low ___ because of the commutator and _____ at the carbon brushes

A

Output
RPM
Sparking

129
Q

DC alternator overcomes those two disadvantages and

provides a better…

A

Power to weight ratio

130
Q

A cutout relay prevents….

A

The generator from becoming a motor

131
Q

The generator cut-out automatically disconnects the generator when generator voltage _____ below _____ _____

A

Falls

Battery voltage

Module 1 (5 decks)

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