Ai Flashcards
(13 cards)
What is the cardiac conduction system?
It consists of the SA node, AV node, and FGRT.
What is Atrial Fibrillation (AF)?
A condition characterized by irregular heartbeats originating in the atria.
What are triggers of Atrial Fibrillation?
Pulmonary vein foci and structural atrial changes.
What is the stroke risk associated with Atrial Fibrillation?
Increased risk from LAA thrombus.
What are the treatment options for Atrial Fibrillation?
Rate control, rhythm control, antiarrhythmic drugs, and LAA occlusion.
What is the purpose of Pulmonary Vein Isolation (PVI)?
To electrically isolate pulmonary veins to prevent AF triggers.
What techniques are used for Pulmonary Vein Isolation?
RF, Cryoablation, and PFA (FARAPULSE).
What are the advantages of FARAPULSE?
Selective for myocardial cells, preserves surrounding tissue, and faster risk to phrenic nerve and esophagus.
What imaging techniques are key in Electrophysiology?
TEE and ICE.
What is crucial for WATCHMAN placement?
Fluoroscopy and 3D mapping.
What is the purpose of Left Atrial Appendage (LAA) Occlusion?
To prevent stroke in non-valvular AF patients with contraindications to long-term anticoagulation.
What are the steps in the WATCHMAN procedure?
Transseptal puncture, accessing the LAA, device sizing and placement, TEE guidance, and leak assessment.
What scoring systems are used for stroke and bleeding risk?
CHA2DS2-VASc and HAS-BLED.
