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AI and the 4th Industrial Revolution Flashcards

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1
Q

What was the 1st industrial revolution?

A

a mechanization revolution based on steam engines

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2
Q

What was the 2nd industrial revolution?

A

a mass production revolution based on electrical energy

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3
Q

What was the 3rd industrial revolution?

A

a knowledge and information revolution based on computers and the internet

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4
Q

What is the 4th industrial revolution?

A

an information technology revolution based on AI software

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5
Q

When was the 4th industrial revolution first mentioned?

A

January 2016 at the World Economic Forum

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6
Q

How does the 4th industrial revolution relate to the 3rd?

A

it is a further evolution

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7
Q

When and where did the first industrial revolution occur?

A

England in the 18th century (after 1770)

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8
Q

When did the 2nd industrial revolution start?

A

after 1870

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9
Q

When did the 3rd industrial revolution start?

A

1970

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10
Q

What was invented during the 1st industrial revolution?

A

steam machines, steam engines etc.

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11
Q

What were the key aspects of the 2nd industrial revolution?

A

steel, chemical, electricity, and oil

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12
Q

What is at the core of the 4th industrial revolution?

A

connectivity and AI

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13
Q

What are the advantages of the 4th industrial revolution?

A

high connectivity of all fields, convenience, health monitoring/improvement

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14
Q

What are the disadvantages of the 4th industrial revolution?

A

possible domination of humans by AI and surveillance by Big Brother

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15
Q

What are the main areas of the 4th industrial revolution?

A

AI, IoT, self-driving cars, drones, robotics, biotechnology, and nanotechnology

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16
Q

What is an intelligent robot?

A

an AI robot that has recognition and judgement functions close to humans

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17
Q

What kind of robots are first generation robots?

A

robots used for simple tasks like assembly

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18
Q

What are some qualities of an intelligent robot?

A

can make decision and act on its own, can recognize and adapt to surroundings

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19
Q

What is a current intelligent robot from ETRI (Electronics and Telecommunications Research Institute)?

A

ETRO

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20
Q

What does ETRO do?

A

image, text, and voice recognition, facial authentication, book reading, traffic and weather searches, and chat and voice responses

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21
Q

What are some AI technologies applied to intelligent robots?

A

ML and DL, Computer Vision, NLP, Reinforcement learning, and SLAM

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22
Q

What AI technologies also rely on ML and DL?

A

computer vision, NLP, and reinforcement learning

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23
Q

How does ML and DL apply to intelligent robots?

A

used to enable robots to process large amounts of data, recognize patterns, make decisions, etc.

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24
Q

How does computer vision apply to intelligent robots?

A

allow robots to interpret and understand visual data, for example navigation, obstacle avoidance, and object manipulation

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25
How does NLP apply to intelligent robots?
allows robots to understand and respond to human language
26
How does reinforcement learning apply to intelligent robots?
used to train robots to perform specific task through reward and punishment
27
How does SLAM apply to intelligent robots?
helps robots create maps of their surroundings and locate themselves on those maps
28
What is SLAM?
simultaneous localization and mapping
29
How is robotic technology changing?
expanding from industrial to non- industrial uses
30
What are some examples of newer types of robots?
food service 'workers', puppy robots, and humanoid robots
31
What does IoT stand for?
the Internet of Things
32
What is the IoT?
something that connects objects through 5G network and communicates information between humans and objects, and objects and objects
33
Starting in 2020 how did the IoT change?
became hyper-connected
34
How much is the IoT estimated to be worth in 2023?
1,800 trillion won
35
How much growth of the IoT is estimated each year?
30% growth
36
What are the elements of IoT?
identification, sensing, communication, and computation
37
What are the types of identification technologies in the IoT?
IP addresses, Ucode, Product code, etc
38
What are the types of sensing technologies in the IoT?
smart sensors, RFID tags, wearable sensing devices and actuators, etc.
39
What are the types of communication technologies in the IoT?
radio frequency identification, wireless sensor network, near field communication (NFC), Bluetooth, long term evolution (LTE)
40
What are the types of computation technologies in the IoT?
Arduino, Raspberry pi, Intel Galil, and OS
41
What can IoT do for society/individuals?
turn almost everything 'smart' and allow us to have convenience
42
What is the concept of a self-driving car?
autonomous car that can drive itself without human interference
43
What are some possible applications of self-driving vehicles?
general use, for disabled people, for the military
44
What technologies do self-driving cars use?
sensors, cameras, and lasers (LiDAR), GPS, central CPU
45
What is LiDAR
light detection and ranging
46
What can LiDAR do?
detect small objects and create 3D models using light
47
What is a depth camera?
a camera that measures the distance to objects or surfaces
48
What are some functional technologies in a self-driving car?
lane assist, parking assistance, blind spot notification
49
Who is leading the commercialization of autonomous vehicles in the US?
Google
50
What is the status of autonomous cars right now?
road test phase
51
What are some concerns about autonomous vehicles?
liability in the case of accidents, safety
52
When are autonomous vehicles expected to be commercialized?
2025
53
When do we expect for most cars to be replace by autonomous vehicles?
2050
54
What is a drone?
an unmanned aerial vehicle that can be controlled by radio waves
55
What are some uses of drones?
camera surveillance/recording, pesticide delivery, package delivery
56
Why is the package delivery feature of drones important?
can be used in first aid/disaster situations to provide supplies to people, or for uses in areas where it is dangerous for humans to go, like nuclear accident areas etc.
57
What is the difficulty with commercialized drone delivery services in East Asia?
a lot of residences are in high rise or apartment buildings, so there is no place to land
58
What is an optical computer?
a computer that uses light to perform operations
59
What are the attractive qualities of optical computers?
much faster than current supercomputers, do not heat up like regular computers, chips have much more information per unit of space, easier to process information and do 3D parallel computing
60
What still needs work in order to implement optical computers?
memory devices, networks, and programs for optical computers
61
What is the biocomputer/biosensing field?
a field that seeks to identify biological process and function of living organisms
62
What are biosensors?
sensors that use enzymes or antibodies
63
What is an application of nano-technology?
cloning plant and animals using DNA structure, and manufacturing new materials
64
About how big is a microrobot?
less than the thickness of a human hair
65
What is a microrobot used for?
many medical purposes like drug delivery and thrombolysis

Artificial Intelligence Basics (9 decks)

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