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Med Micro Block 4 > AIDS > Flashcards

Flashcards in AIDS Deck (15)
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1
Q

HIV char

A

enveloped, diploid, pos sense, RNA virus

2
Q

HIV VF

A

Reverse transcriptase, integrase, protease

3
Q

HIV Res

A

Humans

4
Q

HIV Epid

A

HIV1 (ww) and HIV2 (africa)

Accumulates mutations rapidly

5
Q

HIV transmission

A

microabrasions of mucous membranes and enters via blood/bodily fluids

6
Q

HIV RF

A

unprot sex, parenteral exposure, maternal to infant, transfusions

7
Q

HIV entrance receptors

A

gp120 binds CD4 and coreceptors = CCR5 (macrophages) or CXCR4 (Th Cells)

8
Q

Initial Entry

A

HIV to scrapes/abrasions on mucosal surface to picked up by dendritic cells and moved to lymph nodes where it has direct interaction with macrophages (gp120 and CCR5) and T cells (gp120 and CXCR4). Infected cells in lymph nodes within 2 days and plasma within 5 days

9
Q

HIV clinical causes

A

HIV infects CD4 lymphocytes leading to cell death by cytopath or apop. Abs against gp120 may produce Ag-dependent cytotoxicity (ADCC). CD4s are primarily responsible for delayed type hypersensitivity and cell mediated immunity so as CD4 cells are lost, opportunistic inf and malignancy occurs

10
Q

Timeline overview

A

Has clinical latency 9wks to 6 yrs as Abs high. Staged by CD4 cell count and presence of signs and symptoms. Staging provides info on clinical mgmt.

Testing is Elisa and western blot to confirm

11
Q

Stage A

A

Initial infection and seroconversion
Mostly Asymptomatic, if symptomatic it occurs within weeks of infection with mononucleosis like symptoms w/ a rash (affects palms and soles). Highly infectious stage - virus in large concentration in genital fluids. Time for education in diet, exercise, and vaccinations

12
Q

Stage B

A

Symptomatic and first stage of opportunistic
Swollen lymph nodes (greater than 3 months), malaise with weight loss, recurrent and frequent fevers and sweats. Diarrhea for greater than 1 month, yeast infections, skin rashes, PID in FM, herpes eruptions.
CD4 btwn 400 and 200

13
Q

Infectious conditions assoc with B

A

Bartonella henselae, oral/genital thrush, Crytosporidium, EBV, Listeriosis, Shingles, TB, Karposi’s Sarcoma

14
Q

Stage C

A

AIDS. Defined as fewer than 200 CD4 count or clinical presentation of multiple opportunistic infections. Wasting syndrome (Cachexia) with greater than 10% weight loss. Continued chronic diarrhea, weakness and fever. Neuro signs of encepalitis, 26 clinical conditions, Lymphomas

15
Q

LAb

A

Serology for Abs - Elisa, confirm with western blot

p24 Ag detection - early marker of infection = mRNA first made