AIM Chapter 6 Emergency Procedures

Question 1

In the case of emergencies, distress is defined as?

Answer 1

A condition of being threatened by serious and/or imminent danger and of requiring immediate assistance.

Pilot/Controller Glossary

Question 2

In the case of emergencies, urgency is defined as?

Answer 2

A condition of being concerned about safety and of requiring timely but not immediate assistance; a potential distress condition.

Pilot/Controller Glossary

Question 3

If a pilot devaites from the provisions of an ATC clearance, when must the PIC notify ATC?

Answer 3

As soon as possible and obtain an amended clearance

AIM 6-1-1(b)

Question 4

An aircraft is in at least an urgency condition when?

Answer 4

The moment the pilot becomes doubtful about position, fuel endurance, weather, or any other condition that could adversely affect flight safety

AIM 6-1-2(a)

Question 5

What should a pilot do if they become apprehenisve for their safety?

Answer 5

Request assistance immediately

AIM 6-1-2(b)

Question 6

When a distress or urgency condition is encountered, the pilot of an aircraft with a coded radar beacon transponder, who desires to alert a ground radar facility should do what?

Answer 6

Squawk 7700 (emergency) and immediately establish communications with the ATC facility

AIM 6-2-2(a)

Question 7

What is airborne intercept and escort?

Answer 7

Search and Rescue (SAR) aircraft establishes visual and/or electronic contact with an aircraft in difficulty, provides in-flight assistance, and escorts it to a safe landing

AIM 6-2-3(a)

Question 8

What frequencies can ELTs operate on?

Answer 8

121.5 MHz
243.0 MHz
406 MHz (digital)

AIM 6-2-4(a)(2)

Question 9

What are some benefits of a 406 MHz ELT?

Answer 9

• Can be encoded with the owner’s contact information or aircraft data
• Can be encoded with the aircraft’s position data
• Trasmits a stronger signal when activated

AIM 6-2-4(a)(2)

Question 10

Are 406 MHz ELTs required to be registered? If so, with whom?

Answer 10

Yes with the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA)

AIM 6-2-4(a)(2)(a)

Question 11

When did the Cospas-Sarsat system terminate monitoring and reception of the 121.5 MHz and 243.0 MHz frequencies?

Answer 11

2009

AIM 6-2-4(a)(2)(b)

Question 12

Pilots with a 121.5 MHz or 243.0 MHz ELT will have to depend on whom to receive an alert signal?

Answer 12

A nearby ATC facility or an overflying aircraft monitoring 121.5 MHz or 243.0 MHz

AIM 6-2-4(a)(2)(b)

Question 13

ELTs will operate continuously for once activated?

Answer 13

48 hours

AIM 6-2-4(a)(2)(e)

Question 14

What is the SAR forces’ normal practice when there is an alert from a 121.5/243.0 MHz ELT?

Answer 14

Wait for confirmation of an overdue aircraft or similar notification

AIM 6-2-4(a)(2)(g)

Question 15

How should an ELT be tested?

Answer 15

In accordance with the manufacturer’s instructions

Preferable in a shielded or screeneed room or specially designed test container

AIM 6-2-4(b)(1)

Question 16

How should analog ELTs be tested if unable to comply with manufacturer instructions?

Answer 16

During the first 5 minutes after any hour. Tests should be no longer than 3 audible sweeps
If tests need to be made outside this time, it should be coordinated with the nearest FAA control tower or FSS

AIM 6-2-4(b)(2)(a)

Question 17

Can an ELT be tested while airborne?

Answer 17

No

AIM 6-2-4(b)(2)(c)

Question 18

What should be included in a report of a possible emergency ELT transmission?

Answer 18

1) Your position at the time the signal was first heard.
2) Your position at the time the signal was last heard.
3) Your position at maximum signal strength.
4) Your flight altitudes and frequency on which the signal was heard. If possible, positions should be given relative to a navigation aid. If the aircraft has homing equipment, provide the bearing to the emergency signal with each reported position

AIM 6-2-4(d)(1)

Question 19

The life expectancy of an injured survivor decreases as much as ____ during the first ____ hours, while the chances of survival of uninjured survivors rapidly diminishes after the first ____ days.

Answer 19

The life expectancy of an injured survivor decreases as much as 80% during the first 24 hours, while the chances of survival of uninjured survivors rapidly diminishes after the first 3 days.

AIM 6-2-6(f)(3)

Question 20

For what things should a pilot notify an FSS for if they filed a VFR or DVFR flight plan?

Answer 20

1. If you land at a location other than your original destination (report your landing and advise them of your original destination)
2. If you land enroute and are delayed more than 30 min (report this info and give them your original destination)
3. If your ETE changes by 30 min or more, report a new ETA to the newest FSS (and give them your original destination)

AIM 6-2-6(g)

Question 21

When will an FSS initiate search and rescue procedures?

Answer 21

30 min after your ETA

AIM 6-2-6(g)(1)

Question 22

If a pilot on a VFR flight plan lands at a location other than their intended destination, who do they need to report it to?

Answer 22

The nearest FAA FSS and advise them of their original destination

6-2-6(g)(2)

Question 23

A pilot will need to provide an updated ETA to the nearest FSS if they are delayed by more than how long?

Answer 23

30 minutes

AIM 6-2-6(g)(4)

Question 24

Who is responsible for closing a VFR or DVFR flight plan?

Answer 24

The pilot

AIM 6-2-6(g)(5)

Question 25

What should a downed pilot keep in mind when using body signals?

Answer 25

1. Stand in the open 2. Be sure the background, as seen from the air, is not confusing 3. Go through the mostions slowly and repeat each signal until positive that the pilot circling understands | AIM 6-2-6(i)

Question 26

What does a yellow cross by a crash site mean?

Answer 26

The crash has already been reported and identified. | AIM 6-2-6(j)(1)

Question 27

Ground-Air visual code for use by survivors

Answer 27

Require assistance | Figure 6-2-1

Question 28

Ground-Air visual code for use by survivors

Answer 28

Require medical assistance | Figure 6-2-1

Question 29

Ground-Air visual code for use by survivors

Answer 29

No or Negative | Figure 6-2-1

Question 30

Ground-Air visual code for use by survivors

Answer 30

Yes or Affirmative | Figure 6-2-1

Question 31

Ground-Air visual code for use by survivors

Answer 31

Proceeding in this direction | Figure 6-2-1

Question 32

When in doubt, what symbol should survivors use?

Answer 32

SOS | Figure 6-2-1

Question 33

What is the minimum height for ground-air visual code for use by survivors?

Answer 33

10 feet or higher | Figure 6-2-1

Question 34

How should a pilot acknowledge a ground-air visual code from survivors?

Answer 34

Rocking wings from side to side | Figure 6-2-1

Question 35

Ground-air visual code for use by ground search parties

Answer 35

Operation completed | Figure 6-2-2

Question 36

Ground-air visual code for use by ground search parties

Answer 36

We have found all personnel | Figure 6-2-2

Question 37

Ground-air visual code for use by ground search parties

Answer 37

We have found only some personnel | Figure 6-2-2

Question 38

Ground-air visual code for use by ground search parties

Answer 38

We are not able to continue. Returning to base. | Figure 6-2-2

Question 39

Ground-air visual code for use by ground search parties

Answer 39

Have divided into two groups. Each proceeding in direction indicated | Figure 6-2-2

Question 40

Ground-air visual code for use by ground search parties

Answer 40

Information received that aircraft is in this direction | Figure 6-2-2

Question 41

Ground-air visual code for use by ground search parties

Answer 41

Nothing found. Will continue search. | Figure 6-2-2

Question 42

Laying flat with arms above head

Answer 42

Need medical assistance - Urgent Used only when life is at stake | Figure 6-2-3

Question 43

Waving one arm overhead

Answer 43

All ok do not wait | Figure 6-2-4

Question 44

One arm horizontal

Answer 44

Short delay Can proceed shortly, wait if practicable | Figure 6-2-5

Question 45

Both arms horizontal

Answer 45

Long delay Need mechanical help or parts | Figure 6-2-6

Question 46

Make throwing motion

Answer 46

Drop message | Figure 6-2-7

Question 47

Cups hands over ears

Answer 47

Our receiver is operating | Figure 6-2-8

Question 48

Both arms waved across face

Answer 48

Do not attempt to land here | Figure 6-2-9

Question 49

Both arms forward horizontallly, squatting, and point in direction of landing, repeat.

Answer 49

Land Here | Figure 6-2-10

Question 50

White cloth waved horizontally

Answer 50

Negative (ground) Negative (no) | Figure 6-2-11

Question 51

White cloth waves vertically

Answer 51

Affirmative (ground) Affirmative (yes) | Figure 6-2-12

Question 52

Both arms vertical

Answer 52

Pick us up plane abandoned | Figure 6-2-13

Question 53

Affirmative reply from aircraft

Answer 53

Dip nose of plane several times | Figure 6-2-14

Question 54

Negative reply from aircraft

Answer 54

Fishtail plane | Figure 6-2-15

Question 55

Signal for "message received and understood"(aircraft)

Answer 55

Day or moonlight-rocking wings Night-green flashed from signal lamp | Figure 6-2-16

Question 56

Message received and not understood (aircraft)

Answer 56

Day or moonlight-making a complete right hand circle Night-red flashes from a signal lamp | Figure 6-2-17

Question 57

Aircraft in distress should begin radio transmission with?

Answer 57

MAYDAY x3 | AIM 6-3-1(c)

Question 58

Aircraft in an urgency condition should begin radio transmission with?

Answer 58

PAN-PAN x3 | AIM 6-3-1(c)

Question 59

Emergency frequencies for distress and urgency communications?

Answer 59

121.5 MHz and 243.0 MHz | AIM 6-3-1

Question 60

Does emergency frequency (121.5) capability extend to the radar coverage limits of an ARTCC?

Answer 60

Normally no, If an ARTCC does not respond when called on 121.5 or 243.0, call the nearest tower or FSS. | AIM 6-3-1

Question 61

What is the proper procedure for ditching an aircraft?

Answer 61

On the crest of the swell if parallel On the backside of the swell if perpendicular Into the wind where possible | Figure 6-3-5

Question 62

A successful aircraft ditching is dependent on three primary factors. In order of importance they are:

Answer 62

1. Sea conditions and wind 2. Type of aircraft 3. Skill and technique of the pilot | AIM 6-3-3(a)

Question 63

What is the swell face?

Answer 63

The side of the swell toward the observer regardless of the direction of swell movement | AIM 6-3-3(b)(4)

Question 64

What is the primary swell?

Answer 64

The swell system having the greatest height from trough to crest | AIM 6-3-3(b)(5)

Question 65

What is the secondary swell?

Answer 65

Those swell systems of less height than the primary swell | AIM 6-3-3(b)(6)

Question 66

What is the fetch?

Answer 66

The distance the waves have been driven by a wind blowing in a constant direction without obstruction | AIM 6-3-3(b)(7)

Question 67

What is the swell period?

Answer 67

The time interval between the passage of two successive crests at the same spot in the water, measured in seconds | AIM 6-3-3(b)(8)

Question 68

What is the swell velocity?

Answer 68

The speed and direction of the swell with relation to a fixed reference point, measured in knots | AIM 6-3-3(b)(9)

Question 69

What is the swell direction?

Answer 69

The direction from which a swell is moving. This direction is not necessarily the result of the wind present at the scene. The swell may be moving into or across the local wind. Swells, once set in motion, tend to maintain their original direction for as long as they continue in deep water, regardless of changes in wind direction | AIM 6-3-3(b)(10)

Question 70

What is the typical swell height?

Answer 70

Teh vast majority of ocean swells are lower than 12 to 15 feet, and swells over 25 feet are not common. Successive swells may differ considerably in height | AIM 6-3-3(b)(11)

Question 71

What is the most important axiom to remember when ditching?

Answer 71

Avoid the face of the swell | AIM 6-3-3(c)

Question 72

When ditching, where should the pilot attempt to land when parallel to the swell?

Answer 72

On the top or backside of the swell | AIM 6-3-3(c)(1)

Question 73

If there are two swell systems present and one is larger than the other, what is the proper ditching procedure?

Answer 73

Land parallel to the primary system and on the down swell of the secondary system on the back side of the swell | AIM 6-3-3(c)(2)

Question 74

If there are two swell systems present and both are of equal height, what is the proper ditching procedure?

Answer 74

Select an interbediate heading at 45 degrees down swell swell to both systems and attempt to touch down on the back side | AIM 6-3-3(c)(2)

Question 75

If a swell system is formidable, what is considered avisable to landplanes?

Answer 75

Accept more of a crosswind in order to avoid landing directly into the swell | AIM 6-3-3(c)(3)

Question 76

What is the ideal touchdown area in the sea?

Answer 76

An area where shadows and whitecaps are not so numerous | AIM 6-3-3(d)(2)

Question 77

What speed should a pilot touchdown when ditiching?

Answer 77

The lowest speed and rate of descent which permite safe handling and optimum nose up attitude on impact | AIM 6-3-3(d)(3)

Question 78

What transponder code should be used in the event of a hijacking?

Answer 78

7500 | AIM 6-3-4

Question 79

When will ATC broadcast fuel dumping?

Answer 79

Immediately and every 3 minutes thereafter | AIM 6-3-5

Question 80

What transponder code should be used in the event of a two-way communications failure?

Answer 80

7600 | AIM 6-4-2(a)

Question 81

What does ARFF stand for?

Answer 81

Aircraft Rescue and Fire Fighting | AIM 6-5-1

Question 82

What is the preferred radio callsign of an ARFF on field?

Answer 82

_______(location) Command. Ex. "Washington Command" | AIM 6-5-2

Question 83

ARFF hand signal for recommended evacuation

Answer 83

Arm extended from body, and held horizontal with hand upraised at eye level. Execute beckoning arm motion angled backward. Nonbeckoning arm held again body

Question 84

ARFF hand signal for recommeded stop

Answer 84

Arms in front of head - crossed at wrists

Question 85

ARFF hand signal for emergency contained

Answer 85

Arms extended outward and down at a 45 degree angle. Arms moved inward below waistline simultaneously until wrists crossed, then extended outward to starting position