Air and Water

Question 0

Name 3 uses of water in industry.

Answer 0

1. As a solvent
2. To cool tanks
3. Washing

Question 1

Name 3 uses of water in the home.

Answer 1

1. Cooking
2. Washing
3. Drinking

Question 2

Describe the composition of clean air.

Answer 2

79% nitrogen
20% oxygen
1% carbon dioxide, noble gases, water vapour

Question 3

Name the 4 common pollutants of air.

Answer 3

1. Carbon monoxide
2. Sulfur dioxide
3. Lead compounds
4. Oxides of nitrogen

Question 4

State the source of carbon monoxide.

Answer 4

Incomplete combustion of fuels

Question 5

What are the 2 steps to purifying our water supply?

Answer 5

1. Filtration

2. Chlorination

Question 6

State the source of sulfur dioxide.

Answer 6

Combustion of fossil fuels.

Question 7

State the source of nitrogen oxides.

Answer 7

Car exhausts.

Question 8

State 4 sources of carbon dioxide.

Answer 8

1. Complete combustion
2. Respiration
3. Acid + carbonate
4. Thermal decomposition of carbonates

Question 9

State the adverse effect of carbon monoxide on health.

Answer 9

Death from oxygen starvation.

Question 10

State 2 sources of methane.

Answer 10

1. Decomposition of vegetation

2. Waste gases from digestion in animals

Question 11

Explain the presence of nitrogen oxides in car exhausts.

Answer 11

The hot environment makes the nitrogen and oxygen in the air react to form a mixture of nitrogen oxides.

Question 12

How are nitrogen oxides removed from car exhausts?

Answer 12

A catalytic converter.

Question 13

List 3 methods of rust prevention.

Answer 13

1. Painting/covering in plastic/grease
2. Sacrificial protection
3. Galvanising

Question 14

State the adverse effects of nitrogen oxides on health and buildings.

Answer 14

1. Lung damage and breathing problems.

2. Acid rain which attacks stonework and buildings.

Question 15

State the adverse effect of lead compounds on health.

Answer 15

Brain damage/behavioural problems.

Question 16

How are nitrogen and oxygen separated in liquid air?

Answer 16

Fractional distillation

Question 17

Describe the carbon cycle in simple terms.

Answer 17

Carbon dioxide is released by combustion and respiration.

Carbon dioxide is taken in by photosynthesis.

Question 18

What are the 2 main greenhouses gases that contribute to climate change?

Answer 18

1. Methane

2. Carbon dioxide

Question 19

State the averse effect of sulfur dioxide on health and buildings.

Answer 19

1. Health - causes lung damage and breathing problems

2. Buildings - dissolves in acid rain which attacks stonework and metal on buildings