Air, Water and Climate Flashcards
composition of clean, dry air
78% nitrogen
21% oxygen
1% noble gases (argon)
source and effects of carbon dioxide
- source: complete combustion of carbon-containing fuels
- effects: global warming and climate change
source and effects of carbon monoxide
- source: incomplete combustion of carbon-containing fuels
- effects: toxic gas
source and effects of particulates
- source: incomplete combustion of carbon-containing fuels
- effects: risk of respiratory problems and cancer
source and effects of methane
- source: decomposition of vegetation and waste gases from animal digestion
- effects: global warming and climate change
source and effects of oxides of nitrogen
- source: reacts with oxygen in high temp. in car engines
- effects: acid rain, photochemical smog and respiratory problems
source and effects of sulfur dioxide
- source: combustion of sulfur-containing compounds
- effects: acid rain
strategies to reduce climate change
planting trees
reduction of livestock farming
decreasing use of fossil fuels
increasing use of renewable energy and hydrogen
strategies to reduce acid rain
catalytic converters
low-sulfur fuel
flue gas desulfurisation with calcium oxide
greenhouse gases and global warming
- sun emits thermal energy
- it is absorbed by molecules of Earth’s surface (changes it into thermal energy and surface becomes warmer)
- some light is reflected by Earth and is trapped by greenhouse gases
- as molecules cool, if they point away from the earth, thermal energy is lost, cooling them down (lost to space)
photosynthesis
reaction between CO2 and water to produce glucose and oxygen in the presence of chlorophyll and using energy from light
chemical tests for presence of water
anhydrous copper (ii) sulfate
anhydrous cobalt (ii) sulfate
anhydrous copper (ii) sulfate
- positive: blue
- negative: white
white –> blue
anhydrous cobalt (ii) chloride
- positive: pink
- negative: blue
blue –> pink
test for purity of water
- boils at 100
- freezes at 0
