Organic Chemistry Flashcards
1
Q
homologous series
A
family of similar compounds
2
Q
functional groups
A
atom/ group of atoms that determines the chemical properties of the compound
3
Q
general formulae of alkenes
A
CnH2n
4
Q
general formulae of alkanes
A
CnH2n+2
5
Q
are alkenes saturated or unsaturated
A
unsaturated
6
Q
are alkanes saturated or unsaturated
A
saturated
7
Q
as chain length increases…
A
- intermolecular forces between molecules become stronger
- melting and boiling point increase
- viscosity increases
- volatility decreases
8
Q
condition for alkanes and chlorine to react
A
UV light
9
Q
bromine and alkenes reaction
A
orange to colourless
10
Q
bromine with alkanes reaction
A
stays orange
11
Q
what are fuels
A
chemical substance that releases energy when burned
12
Q
main fossil fuels
A
natural gas, petroleum, coal
13
Q
main component of natural gas
A
methane
14
Q
what is a hydrocarbon
A
compound made up of hydrogen and carbon atoms only
15
Q
process of frac. distillation of petroleum
A
- petroleum is heated and pumped into bottom of distillation fraction
- molecules with less carbon atoms have lower boiling points and evaporate first and rise
- the top is much cooler, so it will condense back into a liquid and is collected
- hydrocarbons with more carbon atoms have higher boiling point, it condenses at a higher temp., midway along the tower and is collected
