Al-Andalus And The Christian Kingdoms

Question 1

On what was based the expansion of the Islam?

Answer 1

On a STRONG ARMY

Question 2

Al-Andalus what conquered in the 7th century?

Answer 2

Syria, Egypt and Persian Empire

Question 3

In the 8 th century what they did (Al-Andalus)?

Answer 3

They arrived to the Indus River

Question 4

When they arrived to the Indus River what they did?

Answer 4

They tried to conquer Constantinople twice but they couldn’t
The conquest of the Iberian peninsula (n711-718)

Question 5

How much Time Al-Andalus spent conquering the Iberian peninsula?

Answer 5

7 years

Question 6

In the 9th century what they did?

Answer 6

They conquered parts of Italy

Question 7

The organisation of the Caliphate:

Answer 7

The first 4 caliphate were chosen between Muhammad family but this provóqued divisions

Question 8

The division of the caliphate

Answer 8

SHIA: Caliph should be a descendant of Muhammad
SUNNIS: The Caliph should be chosen among the believers.

Question 9

Who ruled the Caliphate till 750?

Answer 9

Umayyad family (Shia) 
Capital in Damascus

Question 10

In 750 in the caliphate?

Answer 10

Abbasid (Sunnis) took over (750-1258)

Capital in Baghadad

Question 11

Visigoths in 12 th century

Answer 11

Crisis

Economic problems and rivalries for the throne

Question 12

When wittiza died…

Answer 12

There was a civil war between their sons and who wanted an elective king

Roderic

Question 13

When the king Roderic died

Answer 13

In 711

Muslim army arrived to the IP and bated the visigoths in the battle of Guadalete

Question 14

What resisted in the Muslim conquest

Answer 14

The Cantabria mountains

Question 15

The integration of Al-Andalus

Answer 15

Visigoths signed pacts to mantein the peace
Convert to Islam and speak Arabic: MULADÍ
Christians:MOZARABS

Question 16

Why Al-Andalus changed in 800 years

Answer 16

The territory dismissed as a result of Christian conquest

Rivalries between Al-Andalus and the caliphate

Question 17

Dependent emirate

Answer 17

718-756
Capital= cordoba
Ruber=emir

Question 18

Independent emirate

Answer 18

756-929
Umayyad kill and Abderaman came to Al-Andalus in 756
Emir=Abderaman= independent
BUT RELIGIOUS STILL REMAINED

Question 19

Caliphate of Córdoba

Answer 19

929-1031
CRISIS: Internal rebelions
Attacks by Christians
Less trade
929: Abderaman= caliph of cordoba

Question 20

Taifa kingdoms

Answer 20

1031-1248
Crisis: 25 kingdoms=taifa
Explendour BUT MILITARY WEAKER
Help to Almoraids and Almohads

Question 21

Last taifa of Al-Andalus

Answer 21

Granada
Paid taxes t9 christians to avoid the invasion until 1492
Last king=Boadvil

Question 22

Asturias

Answer 22

Christians paid to Muslims BUT PELAGIUS REFUSED TO PAY
Caused= battle of Cobadonga in 722
First king of Asturias= Alfonso 1
Alfonso 2 =Oviedo=capital

Question 23

Marca hispánica

Answer 23

When Charlemagne conquer the Pyrenees and Ebro river established the Marca Hispánica.

Question 24

Marca hispánica was divided in …

Answer 24

Counties

Question 25

When Charlemagne died....

Answer 25

Counts make independent and create KINGDOM OF PAMPLONA ARAGONESE COUNTIES CATALÁN COUNTIES

Question 26

Battle of roncesvalles...

Answer 26

Charlemagne’s troops retreat to France after failing in the conquest of Zaragoza. Basques defeat them in RONCESVALLES IN 778. Roland died

Question 27

9 century in Asturias

Answer 27

Alfonso 3= expanded the territory of Asturias to ASTORGA, LEÓN, PORTO, ZAMORA... 914= Ordoño 2 moved the capital to León Tried to expanded to Salamanca but it couldn’t Muslims with Al-mansur make RAIDS.

Question 28

Castile:

Answer 28

Muslims attacked León from the east Alfonso 3: gave castles in the county of Castile Kings acted independently 10 century= Fernán González make independent form León 11”= Castile was conquered by Pamplona Ferdinand= first king of Castile and Leon (by marriage)

Question 29

Kingdom of Pamplona

Answer 29

Arista and Jimena families ruled against Muslims Arista expelled franks and became the king: IÑIGO ARISTA 10 century= conquered Aragon, Álava and La Rioja

Question 30

Aragon

Answer 30

9 century= Aznar Galindez created the county of Aragon | 11 century= Aragon, Sobrarbe and Ribagprza united

Question 31

Catalán counties

Answer 31

9 century= Wilfred the hairy conquered and annexed them to Barcelona Bórrell 2= became independent from the franks 11 and 12= EXPANSION

Question 32

Legacy of SANCHO 3

Answer 32

1-Castile: by marriage 2-Aragon, Sobrarbe and Ribagorza: conquest 3-Leon:conquered because internal problems 1035- 1-leon+Castile 2-Pamplona 3-Aragon +sobrarbe+Ribagorza

Question 33

Castile +Leon in the 12 and 13 century

Answer 33

Alfonso 6 conquered Toledo in 1035 | Advances stopped because Almoravidsand Almohads

Question 34

Almorávide and almohads

Answer 34

Almoravids: stopped Christians and took control Of the taifas in 11 century Almohads: Almohad incorporated Al-Andalus to their empire. Defeated in las navas de tolosa in 1212.

Question 35

Pamplona and Aragon in 12 and 13 century

Answer 35

Pamplona: couldn’t expand Aragon: Aragon+Catalonia expanded to Zaragoza+ Tarragona+Teruel

Question 36

The crowd of Castile

Answer 36

1037: Ferdinand 1 united Leon+Castile When he died they separated 1230:Ferdinand 3 definitely united them

Question 37

Portugal

Answer 37

1128: independent from Leon thanks to Alfonso Henriques

Question 38

Crowd of Aragon

Answer 38

1137: marriage Petronila Ramon berenguez 4 First king: Alfonso 2

Question 39

Kingdom of Navarre

Answer 39

1063-1134: Pamplona +aragon 1134: Pamplona separated with García Ramírez 1162: Sancho 4 changed the name NAVARRE