Alcohol And Drugs Flashcards
(41 cards)
What is alcohol? (Chemical compound/how it impacts central nervous system)
Chemical (Ethanol)
● Powerful
● Addictive
● Depressant
(chemical that
slows down the
nervous system)
Immediate effects of alcohol?
Good feeling “rush”
● Slows down central nervous
system (depressant)
○ Slows reaction times for motor
skills
○ Impairs vision
○ Diminishes clear thinking and
good judgment
Long term effects of alcohol?
- Excessive alcohol (ethanol) consumption can lead to
vision loss and blindness in extreme cases. - Major liver damage
HEART: high blood pressure/ irregular pulse/ enlarged heart
MUSCLES: weakness/ loss of muscle tissue
NERVOUS SYSTEM: tingiling and loss of sensation in hands and feet
Thinking back to our unit on body systems, why is liver
damage so harmful to the body?
The liver is a vital organ that is critical to sustaining life. It eliminates toxins, breaks down nutrients, and stores vitamins and energy. It is not possible to live without a functioning liver.
What is alcohol poisoning? (major symptoms and why it happens)
Severe and potentially fatal physical reaction to an alcohol overdose
● Symptoms:
○ Passing out: alcohol slowly shuts down involuntary
actions (breathing & gag reflex to prevent choking)
○ Vomiting: acetaldehyde = toxic metabolite
○ Hypothermia
○ Seizures
BAC
Blood alcohol content
DUI
Driving under the influence
DWI
Driving while intoxicated
Intoxication
Intoxication: The state in which the body is negatively
affected (poisoned) by alcohol or another
substance
● Person’s physical and mental control is
significantly reduced.
Define alcohol misuse and alcohol abuse. Explain the difference(s) between them.
Misuse: any use of alcohol which
leads to negative consequences to the user. This includes both physical and social effects.
Abuse: long-term misuse of alcohol
which results in serious, negative effects to the whole body as every organ is negatively affected.
What are the three stages to alcoholism?
A disease in which a person has a physical and/or psychological dependence on drinks that contain alcohol.
1) Abuse
2) Dependence
3) Addiction
- Explain why the following statements are myths about alcohol:
a. Alcoholic beverages are all the same – it doesn’t matter if I drink 10 oz of beer or 10 oz of whiskey.
b. Alcohol has the same effects on everyone who drinks.
c. Drinking alcohol occasionally is never harmful.
a. False, because alcohols like vodka have a much higher percentage than drinks like beer.
b. False, because it is different depending on the persons size, gender, and how much food the person has in their stomach.
c. False, because it is not harmful, but it is not beneficial. Neutral.
- How much alcohol is in one standard drink?
1 standard drink equivalent = 14g pure ethanol
- Explain what Fetal Alcohol Syndrome is, what causes it, and what some common symptoms are
Alcohol-related birth defects
that include physical and
mental problems.
Cause: Woman drinking a lot of alcohol while pregnant.
Symptoms: - Small head
- Deformities of the face, hands,
or feet
- Heart, liver and kidney defects
- Vision and hearing problems
Make a cause-and-effect table for the following:
b. Binge drinking
Effect: Excessive alcohol (ethanol) consumption can lead to
vision loss and blindness in extreme cases.
Make a cause-and-effect table for the following:
c. Drinking during pregnancy
Effect: permanent damage to developing fetus (FAS)
Make a cause-and-effect table for the following:
d. Driving after having a few drinks
Effect: drinking in any amount still carries a health risk; slowed reaction time, loss of coordination, difficulty concerntrating.
- What does the Bible have to say about alcohol? Select 3 verses to support your answer.
-Be wise, especially if you’re in a leadership position (Proverbs 31:4-7)
-Never okay to get drunk (Ephesians 5:18)
-dont drink if it causes others to stumble (Romans 14:15, 20-21)
-Okay in moderation/celebratory (John 2:1-11)
Define drugs and medicine. Explain how they are similar and how they are different.
Drugs: Substances other than food that change the structure or function of the body or mind.
Medicine: Drugs are used to treat/prevent diseases or other conditions
*All medicines are drugs, but NOT all drugs are medicines
Define the 4 major types of medicines and what they do
1) Prevent Diseases (vaccines/antitoxins)
2) Fight pathogens/infections (antibiotics/antivirals/antifungals)
3) Relieve pain (aspirin/ morphine)
4) maintain/restore health (allergy meds/cancer treatments/antidepressants)
Define “contraindication” and explain why it is important to know how medicine interacts with / is affected by other
substances. Include in your explanation the 3 main ways medicine can interact with other medicines / substances.
Anything that is a reason for a person to not reveive a particular treatment or procedure because it may be harmful.
Why:
(Three main ways medicines can interact)
1) Additive interaction- work together in a positive way
2) Synergistic effect- one medicine increases the strength of another
3) Antagonistic interaction- one medicine canceled/reduced because of the other.
Which types of drugs are most commonly abused / have the greatest risk of addiction? Why?
Drugs based on some form of opioid or amphetamine
why: overstimulate brain’s reward system/chemical imbalances
Define the 6 major types of drugs and know how they affect the body. (you will be given a drug name and description
of how the drug interacts with the body – you will need to identify which type of drug it is)
1) Stimulant: speeds up the central nervous system (ex. caffeine, nicotine, cocaine, adderall)
2) Depressant: slows down the central nervous system (ex. muscle relaxant, sleeping pills, marijuana)
3) Narcotic: derived from opium plants; pain reliever; slows down central nervous system
(ex. morphine, fentanyl, heroin)
4) Hallucinogen: alters mood, thoughts, sense of perception
(ex. LSD, PCP, ecstasy)
5) inhalant: fumes sniffed/inhaled to achieve mind-altering state (ex. spray paints, gasoline, varnishes)
6) anabolic steroid: similar to testosterone “anabolic”= muscle building (ex. pills, injections, creams, patches)
What is marijuana? Is it safe to use? What are some health risks?
THC is the active ingredient that releases dopamine.
effects: relaxation, red eyes, dry mouth, euphoria, increased appetite, short-term memory loss, anxiety, paranoia, heightened senses
