Alexander III - Political Authority 1881-1894

Question 1

What were the changes introduced to local government?

Answer 1

• electorate reduced to owners of a property at a specific value
• zemstva under government control
• land captains

Question 2

When was the act to reduce the peasant vote brought in?

Answer 2

1890

Question 3

When were land captains introduced?

Answer 3

1889

Question 4

What could land captains do?

Answer 4

Override the Zemstva and were responsible for law and order
They could overturn court judgements

Question 5

What were the changes in policing?

Answer 5

• Okhrana led by Pehlve, then Durnovo
• number of police was increased
• police allowed to search, arrest, detain, imprison or exile anyone

Question 6

When was the statute of police surveillance introduced?

Answer 6

1882

Question 7

What changes in education did Alexander III bring in?

Answer 7

• uni students are forbidden to meet up in groups larger than 5
• universities closed to women
• children from low classes are restricted to primary education
• education in orthodox church control
• professors, deans and chancellors must be approved by education ministery

Question 8

What were the changes in censorship?

Answer 8

• newspapers shut down
• life ban on editors and publishers
• ‘Russification’ enforced
• all literary publications had to be approved
• censors become more active