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AQA History - Tsarist and Communist Russia 1855-1964 > Stalin - Political Authority and Culture 1946-1953 > Flashcards

Stalin - Political Authority and Culture 1946-1953 Flashcards

1
Q

What is ‘Political High Stalinism’?

A

The years that followed WWII - totalitarian state

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2
Q

When was the (state defence committee) GKO dissolved?

A

September 1945

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3
Q

Who took the role of Minister of Defence?

A

Stalin

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4
Q

Which high ranking officer was demoted?

A

Zhukov

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5
Q

What was Zhukov’s demotion?

A

Sent to Odessa, lost seat in Central Committee

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6
Q

Why was Zhukov demoted?

A

Viewed as a rival

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7
Q

Which figures were ‘played off’ each other?

A

Malenkov and Zhdanov

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8
Q

How were the ‘played off’?

A

Zhdanov criticised Malenkov’s policies - latter lost position as Party Secretary

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9
Q

What did Zhdanov launch?

A

The Zhdanovishchina

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10
Q

When did Zhdanov die?

A

1948

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11
Q

What did Zhdanov’s death start?

A

The Doctor’s plot

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12
Q

When was Malenkov appointed Party Secretary?

A

1948

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13
Q

When did the USSR possess the atom bomb?

A

1949

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14
Q

What new territory did the USSR gain?

A

Hungary, East Germany, Czechoslovakia, Poland and Romania

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15
Q

How long did the Party Congress not meet for?

A

1939-1952

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16
Q

How did Stalin lead?

A

Through a ‘Personal Dictatorship’

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17
Q

How did Stalin undermine the Party?

A
  • reduced Politburo to an advisory body
  • CC met only 6 times after 1946
  • Party Congress not held for 13 years
18
Q

In 1952, how many members did the Party have?

A

7 million

19
Q

Where were members recruited from?

A

Administrative ranks, industry, government and education

20
Q

What needed to be raised in the Party?

A

The education level

21
Q

Who was recruited less to the Party?

A

Peasants and Workers

22
Q

Who were the ‘Old Men’?

A

Members that had joined the party for Marxism

23
Q

Who were ‘New Men’?

A

Members who had joined the party as a way of life - ‘faceless bureaucrats

24
Q

When did the Zhdanovshchina occur?

A

1946

25
Q

What was purged under Zhdanovshchina?

A
  • Ana Akhmatova’s poems as ‘poisonous’
  • journal ‘The adventures of a monkey’ as ‘anti-Soviet’
26
Q

What is ‘Socialist Realism’?

A

Idealsied, realistic socialist art movement and revealed what socialist life WOULD become

27
Q

What happened to Shostakovich?

A

Denounced as a ‘rootless cosmopolitan’

28
Q

When was the Presidium established?

A

1952 - in the October Party Congress

29
Q

Who was Geogri Malenkov?

A
  • a part of defence council in the war
  • 1946 appointed as deputy Prime Minister
  • 1946 full member of Presidium
  • exercise brief period of leadership 1953
30
Q

Who was Nikita Khrushchev?

A
  • worked for the Party in Kiev
  • 1935 organised building of Moscow underground
  • during the war assisted in military operation at Kursk
  • entered Politburo in 1939
  • 1953 became Party Secretary
31
Q

Who was Lavrenti Beria?

A
  • career in the secret police
  • replaced Yezhov as head of NKVD 1938
  • politburo member 1946
32
Q

When was the Leningrad Case?

A

1949

33
Q

What was the Leningrad Case?

A

Purge against the ‘Leningrad party’ with officials arrested - some executed

34
Q

How was anti-Semitism revived?

A
  • the creation of the Israel state made USSR pro Palestine
  • Golda Meir - Israeli ambassador in 1948
  • Jewish wives of politburo members were arrested (Molotov’s wife)
35
Q

What was the Mingrelian case in 1951-1952

A
  • a purge in Georgia
  • directed against the followers of Beria
  • aimed at weakening the authority of Beria
36
Q

When was The Doctor’s Plot?

A

1952

37
Q

What was the Doctor’s Plot?

A
  • 1948 accusation against 9 doctors concerning the death of Zhdanov
  • file reopened in 1952
  • Jews were convicted of misusing their medical profession to harm USSR
  • 9 doctors were condemned and sentenced to execution
38
Q

When did Stalin die?

A

March 1953

39
Q

What happened to the NKVD after the war?

A

Strengthened and reorganised

40
Q

What was the NKVD reorganised into?

A

Under two separate ministries:
- internal affairs
- state security

41
Q

How many wartime survivors were sent to labour camps?

A

12 million

42
Q

Who could be singled out?

A

All - the party, police, procuracy, colleagues and friends

AQA History - Tsarist and Communist Russia 1855-1964 (19 decks)

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