Alexander III Reforms and Policies (quiz #4)

Question 1

Why was censorship increased?

Answer 1

the government wanted to limit circulation of ‘harmful’ ideas

Question 2

What were so called ‘harmful ideas’?

Answer 2

opposition, revolutionary ideas

Question 3

Why were school fees raised?

Answer 3

to keep lower class kids out of schools

Question 4

What did Pobedonostsev believe regarding peasant children and education?

Answer 4

It was a waste of time, that they should be preparing for the agriculture life

Question 5

Who was Pobedonostsev regarding the Orthodox church?

Answer 5

The procurator of the Holy Synod

Question 6

What policy did Pobedonostsev create?

Answer 6

russification to be followed

Question 7

Who was affected the worst with the policy of russification?

Answer 7

The Jewish population

Question 8

Who was Narodnaya Volya?

Answer 8

Alexander II’s assassin who was jewish

Question 9

What were pogroms?

Answer 9

Violent riots to persecute religious groups

Question 10

What did Alexander III’s anti-semetic legislation mean for Jews?

Answer 10

They were banned from civil service, limited education, where they could live

Question 11

Which type of reforms did Alexander III resist?

Answer 11

social and political reforms

Question 12

Who was Alexander III’s first minister of finance?

Answer 12

Nikolai Bunge

Question 13

What did Nikolai Bunge create in 1882 to help peasants purchase farms?

Answer 13

Peasants’ Land Bank

Question 14

What did Nikolai Bunge create in 1885 to give land owners better loan rates?

Answer 14

Nobals’ Land Bank

Question 15

What was abolished in 1886?

Answer 15

Poll tax

Question 16

How did Bunge try to reduce the appeal of socialism?

Answer 16

By offering concessions to workers through laws to protect workers’ rights

Question 17

When was the First Russian Labour Code put into place?

Answer 17

1886

Question 18

What did the First Russian Labour Code do?

Answer 18

(tried) to have factories inspected, payment and dismissal regulations

Question 19

Why were the laws regarding workers’ rights inefficient?

Answer 19

They were hard to enforce due to only 300 inspectors

Question 20

Who ended up being Nikolai Bunge’s replacement?

Answer 20

Ivan Vyshnegradsky

Question 21

What was Ivan Vyshnegradsky most focused on?

Answer 21

industrializing

Question 22

What did Vyshnegradsky launch with the help of French loans?

Answer 22

Huge export drive of grain

Question 23

What did the Russian State bring for the first time ever in 1892?

Answer 23

a surplus

Question 24

What improved in production from 1881-1894?

Answer 24

Coal production doubled, pig-iron more than doubled

Question 25

What were the 3 positives of Alexander III's reign?

Answer 25

1. policies provided a period of stability (Russian State strengthened, pride restored) 2. little revolution disturbances (proof that oppresssion of opposition was successful) 3. successful economic policies improved government finances

Question 26

What were the 3 negatives of Alexander III's reign?

Answer 26

1. the period of stability was thought to be an illusion 2. 1.5-2 million peasants died in famine (1891-1892) 3. The government's failure to respond to peasants' suffering encouraged revolutionary opposition and the people wanted democracy

Question 27

What are the traditional view of historians of Alexander III's reign?

Answer 27

oppressionary and reactionary

Question 28

What did economic policies see Russia make progress towards?

Answer 28

being a modern, industrialized nation

Question 29

What is seen as Alexander III's greatest failure?

Answer 29

His refusal to modernize Russia socially and politically

Question 30

What was autocracy developed for that no longer really applied in Russia?

Answer 30

Uneducated peasants