Alimentary - Intestinal Dz Flashcards
(50 cards)
1
Q
Obstruction and functional disorders
A
- scarring, foreign bodies, enteroliths, bezoars
- fibre balls –> phytobezoars or trichobezoars
2
Q
Displacements
A
- herniation
- intussusception
- volvulus & torsion
3
Q
Atresia coli (congenital)
A
- most commo segmental anomaly of the intestine
- stenosis –> atresia
- autosomal recessive in Holstein calves - ischemia of a segment during development
4
Q
Atresia ani (congenital)
A
- complete closure of anus
- no anus
- concomitant recto-vaginal fistula
- excrete out of the vagina
5
Q
Lethal White Syndrome -foals (congenital colonic aganglionosis) - congenital
A
- autosomal recessive
- American Paint Horse
- white spotting horses are carriers for gene (heterozygous)
- lack of development of PSNS ganglion - no peristalsis of ileum/LI/colon
- born normal but develop immotility and colic hours later (euthanize)
6
Q
Acquired obstruction
A
- concentric lamellae of Mg, NH3Ph deposit around nucleus
- foreign body
7
Q
Trichobezoars (hairball)
A
Cattle - forestomach and abomasum; not as heavy as enterolith
8
Q
Phytobezoars
A
-composed of plant material impregnated w Ph salts - colon of horse
9
Q
Acquired Stenosis
A
Penetrating wound (FB) --> stricture and stenosis Pig - rectal stricture (narrowing); 2ndary to Salmonellosis
10
Q
Displacement - Hernia
A
-protrusion of an organ/part through an abnormal opening
11
Q
Internal hernia
A
Rare
- displacement through a normal or abnormal foramina with abdominal cavity
- ex: epiploic foramen
12
Q
External hernia
A
- displacement outside of the abdominal cavity
- inside a pouch (hernial sac) formed by peritoneum and skin
- protrudes through hernial ring
- EVENTRATION - not covered by peritoneum or skin
13
Q
Diaphragmatic hernia
A
- secondary to trauma
- congenital if abnormalities in diaphragm
- herniation of liver and loops of SI are more common
14
Q
Scrotal hernia
-goes through scrotum
A
Inguinal hernia
-goes through inguinal canal
15
Q
Incarceration (entrapment) of a piece of SI
A
- -> venous infarct, sepsis, and death via peritonitis
- scrotal hernia
16
Q
Umbilical hernia
A
-due to strangulated loop of SI
17
Q
Colonic torsion
A
-intestinal volvulus
18
Q
Pedunculated lipoma
A
-twist intestines –> strangulation
19
Q
Intussusception
A
- more cranial portion, telescopes into a more caudal portion
- middle - intussusceptum –> hemorrhage, necrosis, venous infarct, sepsis, death
- outside - intussuscipiens
20
Q
Horse presenting with colic
A
- cecal colonic intussusception
- colon intussuscepted with right ventral colon
- cecum - swollen, friable, venous infarct, ischemia –> severe pain
21
Q
Inf of intestine
A
typhlitis - inf of cecum
22
Q
Viral - BVD
A
- pestivirus
- Peyer’s patch necrosis; ulcerative lesions
- mucosal dz
23
Q
Malignant Catarrhal Fever
A
- gamma herpes - rhadinovirus
- ruminants (bison, cervids)
- sheep associated - bovids, deer
- fibrino necrotizing vasculitis
- prominent lymphocytic perivascular infiltrates
- erosive lesions in oral cavity, intestine, resp signs, conjunctivitis, etc
24
Q
Enteric Coronaviral infection
A
- neonatal D+ in calves
- Transmissible gastro-enteritis (TGE)
- villous atrophy (blunting) and fusion
- fluid filled intestines
- high mortality in piglets
25
Enteric Rotaviral Infection
- D+ in young
- damages surface enterocytes --> villous atrophy
- subclinical common
26
Parvovirus enteritis
cats - etiology = feline panleucopenia; bone marrow lesions**
- segmental fibrino-hemorrhagic enteritis
- Peyer patch necrosis
- older cats - necrotizing enteritis = FeLV infection
27
Bacterial enteritis
E. coli
- neonatal enteritis
- metabolic dysfunction, enterocyte death, affect vasculature, promotes invasion, septicemia
- pigs, dogs
28
Enterotoxigenic colibacillosis
- secretory D+
| - neonatal pigs, calves, lambs
29
Septicemic colibacillosis
- FPT of maternal Ab
- sudden death or subacute meningitis, polyarthritis
- neonatal pig, calve, foal
30
Post-weaning colibacillosis
- secretory D+ and mild/no lesions
| - weaning pigs
31
Edema Dz (E. coli) in pigs
- verotoxin - endo cell damage --> fluid loss --> edema
- focal bilateral symmetric encephalomalacia
- Cerebrospinal angiopathy
- post weaning pigs
32
Clostridial enterotoxemia
- Clostridium perfringens A-E; D common
- affects best nourished
- find dead or with bloody D+
- very H+; alot of blood in lumen
- type D - angiotoxin (epsilon)
- intestinal lesions and focal symmetrical encephalomalacia in sheep
33
FIP (viral) - feline infectious peritonitis
- fibrin plaques on the intestinal surface --> small fibrinomas
- white lesions - raised, multifocal to coalescing nodules following the vasculature of the kidney**** pathognomonic
34
Clostridial enteritis (necrotic enteritis) in chicken
- necrotic villi
- lined by G+ bacilli
- C perf type A
35
Tyzzer's Dz (Clostridium piliforme)
-liver, intestine, heart
36
Colitis X (Typhlocolitis in horse)
- dysbacteriosis (Ab therapy or dietary changes
- proliferation of toxigenic clostridia
- C. perf type A + C. diff
37
Salmonellosis
- edema and H+
- fibrino-necrotizing enteritis
- embolic mycotic pneumonia
- pig --> button ulcers
38
Lawsonia intracellularis
- porcine proliferative enteropathy (PPE)
- necrotic enteritis
- proliferative (ileitis) H+ enteropathy
39
Brachyspira hyodysenteriae
- Swine dysentery (spirochetal colitis)
- 8-14 weeks
- large bowel D+ w/ mucus and blood in feces
40
Rhodococcus equi
- enterocolitis in horse
- suppurative pyogranulomatous pneumonia in foals
- ulcerative enteric lesions
- pyogranulomatous - prominent regional lymphadenitis (lymphangiectasia)
41
Mycobacterium avium ssp paratuberculosis
Affects ruminants
Johne's Dz (paratuberculosis)
- chronic, D+, emaciation, hypoproteinemia
- cow >19 months
42
Granulomatous enteritis
- jejunum
- ileum
- cecum
- proximal colon
- ileocecal valve
43
Acid fast positive within Mo?
Mycobacterium avium ssp paratuberculosis
44
Granulomatous colitis in Boxers
-E. coli
-selective intramucosal colonization
-similar to Crohn's in humans - inflammatory bowel dz
dx - protozoa on apical surface of enterocyte
45
Coccidial enteritis
-type A-D: proliferative (necrotizing)
46
Hookworm
Ancylostoma caninum + Uncinaria stenocephala
- anemia, hypoproteinemia in pups
- larvae in clostridium
47
Anoplocephala perfoliata
-ileo-cecal valve of horse
48
Trichuris -whipworm
- cecum, colon
- subclinical
- dysentery, dec weight, dehydration, anemia
49
Milk-spotted liver
Ascaris suum (roundworm)
50
Neoplastic Dz of intestine
- dogs/cats
- carcinomas
- multicentric lymphosarcoma; except cat
- LSA's alimentary form most common in cat
