alkanes

Question 1

reasons why sulfur dioxide of this process is removed from exhaust gases

Answer 1

• Prevents acid rain
• Toxic OR causes breathing problems

Question 2

crude oil processing

Answer 2

1. extract from ground
2. pipe to refinery
3. fractional distillation
4. cracking

Question 3

what is methane used for

Answer 3

• main component of natural gas
• used to generate electricity and as a industrial fuel

Question 4

what is propane used for

Answer 4

camping fuel, industrial fuel

Question 5

what is butane used for

Answer 5

camping fuel, lighter fuel, industrial fuel

Question 6

what is octane used for

Answer 6

component of petrol

Question 7

what does complete combustion form

Answer 7

carbon dioxide and water

Question 8

what does incomplete combustion form

Answer 8

carbon monoxide and water or soot (carbon) and water

Question 9

what can be used to remove sulphur

Answer 9

flue gas desulphurisers

Question 10

greenhouse gases

Answer 10

water vapour, methane and carbon dioxide

Question 11

how do these greenhouse gases get trapped in the atmosphere

Answer 11

they vibrate at an infra-red frequency and absorbs infra-red radation in the atmosphere and traps the heat

Question 12

main problem of motor fuels

Answer 12

exhaust mission

Question 13

what pollutants does a car belches out?

Answer 13

carbon monoxide, unburnt hydrocarbons and oxides of nitrogen

Question 14

describe a catalytic converter

Answer 14

1. honeycomb like structure where exhaust gases pass
2. coated in thin layer of platinum
3. only work when hot

Question 15

why are catalysts arranged in a honeycomb like structure

Answer 15

to increase surface area

Question 16

why is it important that catalytic converters start working at low temperatures

Answer 16

high quality of CO and unburned hydrocarbons are produced during the cool slating

Question 17

what is meant by catalyst poison

Answer 17

any chemical that slow down catalyst

Question 18

why is the fact the catalysts can only run on unleaded petrol an extra bonus for the environment

Answer 18

reduce exhaust gases and lead causes respiration problems

Question 19

what is cracking used for

Answer 19

to convert large hydrocarbon molecules into smaller molecules including alkenes

Question 20

when is cracking conducted

Answer 20

at high temperatures or in the presence of steam ( to produce high alkene yields or in the presence of a catalyst to give petrol components

Question 21

types of cracking

Answer 21

• mechanism
• bond breaking type
• conditions
• main products