Alkenes Flashcards
What is stereoisomerism?
Compounds with the same structural formula but the atoms are pointing in a different direction in space
What is E/Z isomerism?
A type of isomerism and a type of stereoisomerism that occurs in alkenes due to no rotation in a double carbon bond
In which type of compounds does E/Z isomerism occur?
Alkenes
Why can’t alkenes rotate like alkanes?
There is no rotation in a double carbon bond
What is the Z isomer?
Isomer where both atoms are on the ‘same’ side of the carbon
How do you determine if an isomer is Z?
If the atoms bonded to the carbon with the highest priority (highest atomic number) are on the same side
What is the E isomer?
The isomer where the highest priority atoms are on opposite sides
How do you name an E/Z isomer?
Put a ‘Z’ or ‘E’ at the front when naming the alkene, treating E or Z like a number with a dash (-) after it
Provide an example of an alkene that can exist as E/Z isomers.
But-2-ene can exist as Z-but-2-ene or E-but-2-ene
What condition must be met for E/Z isomers to occur?
Both carbons in the double carbon bond must have two different atoms or groups attached
True or False: All alkenes have E/Z isomers.
False
What is addition polymerisation?
Addition polymerisation is the process where monomers are joined together to form a polymer.
What is a polymer?
A polymer is a large molecule made up of many repeating units called monomers.
What happens during the formation of an addition polymer?
During the formation of an addition polymer, the double bonds in alkenes break and the alkenes join together in a chain.
What is represented by the notation C=C?
C=C represents the double bond between carbon atoms in alkenes.
What does the symbol ‘n’ signify in the context of polymers?
‘n’ signifies the number of alkenes that are joined together to form the polymer.
How do you denote a polymer made from an alkene?
To denote a polymer made from an alkene, you write the name of the polymer in front of the alkene.
What is the environmental impact of recycling polymers?
Recycling reduces the environmental impact of discarded polymers by preventing them from ending up in landfills.
What are the steps involved in recycling polymers?
Discarded polymers are sorted, chopped, washed, dried, and then melted.
What happens to recycled polymers after processing?
The recycled polymer is then sold for further use.
What is a hazard associated with recycling PVC?
Recycling PVC can release hydrogen chloride, a corrosive gas.
Why are some polymers difficult to recycle?
Some polymers are difficult to recycle because they are derived from petroleum.
What is one method of waste management for non-recyclable polymers?
Non-recyclable polymers can be incinerated to produce heat and generate steam.
What can be generated from incinerating waste polymers?
Incinerating waste polymers can generate electricity for the national grid.
