all of it Flashcards

(39 cards)

1
Q

Matter

A

Anything with mass and volume

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2
Q

Physical property

A

Something we can measure by seeing it

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3
Q

Physical change

A

a change in shape, texture, temperature

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4
Q

Melting point

A

the point at which a substance melts

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5
Q

Boiling point

A

the point at which a substance boils

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6
Q

Freezing point

A

the point at which a substance freezes

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7
Q

Element

A

A substance that can not be broken down into simpler substances

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8
Q

Compound

A

Pure substance made up of 2 or more elements bonded together chemically

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9
Q

Mixture

A

A mix of at least 2 substances that do not join together chemically

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10
Q

Solution

A

A mixture where 2 or more substances can’t be told apart from each other

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11
Q

Chemical property

A

Describes the ability of a substance to chemically react with another substance to produce a new chemical. This can only be seen when a chemical reaction occurs

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12
Q

Chemical reaction

A

Atoms are rearranged to form a new substance

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13
Q

Electron

A

Negatively charged subatomic particle, found in the valence shells around the nucleus, charge of -1, relative mass is 1 over 2000

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14
Q

Nucleus

A

Central core of an atom, containing the protons and neutrons

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15
Q

Proton

A

Positively charged subatomic particle, found in the nucleus, charge of +1, relative mass is 1

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16
Q

Neutron

A

Neutrally charged subatomic particle, found in the nucleus, charge of 0, relative mass is 0

17
Q

Atomic number

A

Number of protons in the nucleus of an atom

18
Q

Atomic mass

A

The combined mass of a single atom’s protons and neutrons

19
Q

Metal

A

a shiny, malleable, ductile substance that conducts electricity very well

20
Q

nonmetal

A

a substance that lacks the characteristics of a metal

21
Q

metalloid

A

a substance that contains properties of both metals & nonmetals

22
Q

alkali metal

A

far left side of the periodic table. Very reactive, just like halogens. They react with water and air. Soft enough to cut with a knife. They are common and almost always found in compounds. They all form ions with a charge of +1. They can bond with 1 other atom (combining capacity is 1).

23
Q

alkaline earth metals

A

eft side of the periodic table, beside the Alkali metals. They form ions with a charge of +2. They have a combining capacity of 2. They are quite reactive, just not as much as Alkali metals

24
Q

halogens

A

Non metals right beside the noble gases of the table. Very reactive and almost always found as compounds. They can have a charge of -1. They can bond with one other atom of an element (bonding capacity of 1).

25
noble gasses
far right of the periodic table. They are unreactive and do not interact with all the other elements. They will glow if electricity passes through the gas. They are all colorless, odorless, and tasteless.
26
gasses
substance that is in a vaporous state of matter. Gases are easy to compress, They expand to fill their containers, and occupy far more space than any other state of matter.
27
isotopes
Atoms with the same number of protons but different numbers of neutrons
28
ion
A atom or molecule with a net charge due to the loss or gain of one or more electrons
29
ionic charge
The electrical charge of an ion caused by the loss or gain of one or more electrons from an atom or group of atoms
30
period
A row of chemical elements
31
group
A column of chemical elements with identical valence electrons
32
valence electron
Electrons located on the outermost shell of an atom
33
valence shell
The outermost shell of an atom that surrounds the nucleus. The valence shell hold the electrons of an atom
34
ionic compound
A compound that forms when a nonmetal interacts with a metal. The metallic atoms lose electrons to become cations.
35
ionic bond
Chemical attraction between two oppositely charged ions (non metals and metals)
36
covalent bond
Chemical bond that involves the sharing of electron pairs between atoms
37
molecule
Smallest particle of an element that retains the chemical properties of that element
38
molecular compound
A compound composed of two or more nonmetal atoms that share their electrons in a covalent bond
39
Pure substance
a substance made up of only one kind of matter