All Questions

Question 1

What three things surround the two main organs of the CNS?

Answer 1

bones, fluids, and membranes

Question 2

What occupies the vertebral canal within the vertebral column?

Answer 2

Spinal Cord

Question 3

What lies within the cranial cavity of the skull?

Answer 3

Brain

Question 4

Where are the meninges located?

Answer 4

Located between the bone and soft tissues.

Question 5

What are the three layers of meninges, outside to inside?

Answer 5

Dura mater, arachnoid mater, and pia mater

Question 6

What meninge layer is composed primarily of tough white fibrous connective tissue?

Answer 6

dura mater

Question 7

What layer lacks blood vessels

Answer 7

arachnoid mater

Question 8

Dura mater may extend inward between lobes of the brain to form

Answer 8

Partitions

Question 9

The partitions form for?

Answer 9

Support and protection

Question 10

Which layer of meninge contains the most nerves and blood vessels

Answer 10

Pia mater

Question 11

What is the importance of blood vessels in the pia mater

Answer 11

Nourish underlying cells of brain and spinal cord

Question 12

Which layer of meninge continues into the vertebral canal as a strong, tubular sheath surrounding the spinal cord?

Answer 12

dura mater

Question 13

which layer generally does not dip into grooves and depressions?

Answer 13

arachnoid mater

Question 14

Which layer is attached to the surface of the brain and spinal cord following their irregular contours?

Answer 14

Pia mater

Question 15

What is the name of the opening in the base of the skull where the spinal cord begins

Answer 15

foramen magnum

Question 16

where does the spinal cord terminate?

Answer 16

near the intervertebral disk of the first and second lumbar vertebrae

Question 17

where is the epidural sheath located

Answer 17

located between the dural sheath and the bony wall of vertebral column

Question 18

The spinal cord is padded by an epidural sheath. what two tissues make up this sheath?

Answer 18

loose connective and adipose tissue

Question 19

How many segments are in the spinal cord

Answer 19

31 segments

Question 20

What is the name of the thickening of the spinal cord in the neck region, giving off nerves to arms?

Answer 20

cervical enlargement

Question 21

what is the name of the thickening of the spinal cord in the lower back, giving off nerves to legs?

Answer 21

Lumbar enlargement

Question 22

What are the two grooves extending length of the spinal cord dividing it into right and left halves?

Answer 22

anterior median fissure and posterior median sulcus

Question 23

what is the core of the spinal cord and what is it patterned like?

Answer 23

gray matter and is patterned like a butterfly

Question 24

what are the “wings” of the pattern called

Answer 24

Horns

Question 25

What are the protrusions on the sides of the wings?

Answer 25

lateral horns

Question 26

what connects the right and left wings?

Answer 26

gray commissure

Question 27

where is the cerebrospinal fluid in the spinal cord?

Answer 27

central canal

Question 28

what are the three regions of white matter in the spinal cord called?

Answer 28

anterior funiculus, posterior funiculus, lateral funiculus

Question 29

what does each region in #28 contain?

Answer 29

nerve tracts

Question 30

what are the two main functions of the spinal cord

Answer 30

conduct nerve impulses and serve as a center for spinal reflexes

Question 31

ascending tracts conduct blank impulses from blank and carry blank info to the brain

Answer 31

body parts and carry sensory info to the brain

Question 32

descending tracts conduct blank impulses from blank to blank and blank

Answer 32

motor; brain to muscles and glands

Question 33

what two things are reflected in the names of the nerve tracts

Answer 33

common origins and terminations

Question 34

what are two examples of #33

Answer 34

Spinothalmic and corticospinal

Question 35

what is the brain composed of

Answer 35

one hundred billion mulitpolar neurons and inumerable nerve fibers

Question 36

what are the four major portions of the brain?

Answer 36

cerebrum, cerebellum, brain stem, and diencephalon

Question 37

what is the largest portion of the brain?

Answer 37

cerebrum

Question 38

what portion deals with coordination of voluntary muscle movements

Answer 38

cerebellum

Question 39

what portion deals with higher mental functions and involves motor and sensory functions

Answer 39

cerebrum

Question 40

what portion deals with regulation of various visceral activities?

Answer 40

brain stem

Question 41

what connects the two halves of the cerebrum?

Answer 41

corpus callosum

Question 42

what separates the two halves of the cerebrum

Answer 42

layer of dura mater

Question 43

ridges in the cerebrum are called what

Answer 43

gyri

Question 44

grooves are called what? shallowest and deep?

Answer 44

sulcus and fissure

Question 45

this type of groove divides each hemisphere into lobes

Answer 45

sulcus

Question 46

what separates right and left cerebral hemispheres

Answer 46

fissure

Question 47

what separtes the cerebrum from the cerebellum

Answer 47

fissure

Question 48

loves of the cerebral hemispheres are named after what?

Answer 48

skull bones they underlie

Question 49

the frontal love is separated from the other lobes by which two sulci?

Answer 49

central and lateral sulcus

Question 50

the parietal lobe is separated by what sulcus

Answer 50

central side

Question 51

the temporal lobe lies under which lobe and is separated by what sulcus?

Answer 51

lies below frontal lobe; lateral sulcus

Question 52

the occipital lobe is separated by what from the cerebellum?

Answer 52

by a shelf-like extension

Question 53

the insula lobe is located deep within which sulcus and separated by which sulcus?

Answer 53

lateral sulcus; circular sulcus

Question 54

what is the gray matter around the cerebrum?

Answer 54

cerebral cortex

Question 55

does the cerebral cortex dip into grooves and cover ridges?

Answer 55

Yes

Question 56

cerebral cortex contains what % of neuron cell bodies in the nervous system?

Answer 56

75%

Question 57

the bulk of the cerebrum is what matter

Answer 57

white matter

Question 58

what are the four general functions of the cerebrum?

Answer 58

interpret sensory impulses, initiate voluntary muscle movement, store info for memory and reasoning, and determine intelligence and personality

Question 59

motor areas like in which lobe?

Answer 59

frontal lobe

Question 60

right cerebral hemisphere controls which side of the skeletal movements (vice versa)

Answer 60

left skeletal movements

Question 61

broca's area coordinates muscular action in what three areas

Answer 61

tongue, mouth, and larynx

Question 62

what controls voluntary movements of the eyes and eyelids

Answer 62

frontal eye field

Question 63

area infront of broca, frontal eye field, and cerebral hemispheres controls muscular movement of what?

Answer 63

muscular movements of hands and fingers

Question 64

what do sensory areas of the cerebral cortex do?

Answer 64

interpret sensory impulses that give rise to feelings and sensations

Question 65

parietal lobes deal with what?

Answer 65

skin sensations

Question 66

occipital lobe deals with what?

Answer 66

vision

Question 67

temporal loves deal with what

Answer 67

hearing

Question 68

central/lateral sulcus deal with what

Answer 68

taste

Question 69

where does smell association occur

Answer 69

centers deep within cerebrum

Question 70

what are the five general functions of association areas

Answer 70

function in analysis and interpretation of sensory experiences and involved with memory, reasoning, verbalizing, judgement, and emotional feelings

Question 71

what higher intellectual processes are the frontal lobe involved with?

Answer 71

concentration, planning, complex problem solving, and judging possible consequences of behavior

Question 72

what two things are associated with the parietal lobes

Answer 72

aid in understanding speech and choosing words needed to express thoughts and feelings

Question 73

what five things does the temporal lobe do?

Answer 73

aid in understanding speech and in reading printed words, also involved in memory of visual scenes, music and other complex sensory patters

Question 74

what two things does the occipital lobe do?

Answer 74

aid in analyzing visual patterns and combining visual images

Question 75

what basic functions are both hemispheres involved with?

Answer 75

receiving and analyzing sensory impulses, controlling skeletal muscles, and storing info

Question 76

the left hemisphere deals with five things. Name them

Answer 76

speech, writing, readings, verbal, analytical, and computational skills

Question 77

the right hemisphere deals with what

Answer 77

motor tasks, interpreting musical patterns and nonverbal visual experiences, emotional and intuitive thought processes

Question 78

what allows for the dominant side to control motor cortex of the non-dominant and non-dominant to send sensory info to dominant

Answer 78

corpus callosum

Question 79

what secretes cerebrospinal fluid?

Answer 79

choroid plexuses

Question 80

what are choroid plexuses made of?

Answer 80

tiny cauliflowerlike masses of capillaries from the pia mater

Question 81

cerebrospinal fluid is mainly what?

Answer 81

clear liquid

Question 82

what are ventricles

Answer 82

interconnected cavities within the cerebrum and brain stem

Question 83

what are ventricles filled with

Answer 83

cerebrospinal fluid

Question 84

how many ventricles are there

Answer 84

four

Question 85

what are the two largest and what are they named?

Answer 85

first and second ventricles; lateral ventricles

Question 86

Name four general functions of the cerebrum

Answer 86

interprets sensory impulses initiates voluntary muscle movement stores info for memory and reasoning determines intelligence and personality

Question 87

Name the three functions of the left hemisphere

Answer 87

speech, writing, reading, verbal, analytical, and computational skills

Question 88

Name the three functions of the right hemisphere

Answer 88

motor tasks, interpreting musical patterns of nonverbal visual experiences, emotional and intuitive thought processes