ALS

Question 1

What does ANZRC stand for?

Answer 1

Australian and New Zealand Resuscitation Council

Question 2

True or False: ANZRC guidelines are only applicable to hospitals.

Answer 2

False

Question 3

What is the primary goal of Advanced Life Support (ALS)?

Answer 3

To restore and maintain adequate circulation and ventilation.

Question 4

Fill in the blank: The ALS algorithm emphasizes the importance of ______ in cardiac arrest situations.

Answer 4

high-quality cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR)

Question 5

Which of the following is NOT a component of the ALS algorithm? A) Airway management B) Medication administration C) Patient transport D) Defibrillation

Answer 5

C) Patient transport

Question 6

What is the recommended compression rate during CPR according to ANZRC guidelines?

Answer 6

100 to 120 compressions per minute

Question 7

True or False: The use of an Automated External Defibrillator (AED) is encouraged in ALS.

Answer 7

True

Question 8

What is the first step in the ALS algorithm for managing a patient in cardiac arrest?

Answer 8

Call for help and initiate CPR.

Question 9

What should be administered after the first shock in a shockable rhythm?

Answer 9

CPR for 2 minutes before the next rhythm check.

Question 10

Multiple Choice: Which medication is commonly used in ALS for cardiac arrest? A) Aspirin B) Adrenaline C) Amiodarone D) Both B and C

Answer 10

D) Both B and C

Question 11

What is the maximum dosage of adrenaline that can be administered during ALS for adult patients?

Answer 11

1 mg every 3-5 minutes

Question 12

Fill in the blank: Advanced airway management techniques include ______ and ______.

Answer 12

endotracheal intubation; supraglottic airway devices

Question 13

True or False: ALS guidelines recommend continuous chest compressions without interruptions.

Answer 13

False

Question 14

What is the purpose of post-resuscitation care in ALS?

Answer 14

To optimize recovery and prevent complications.

Question 15

Which assessment tool is used to evaluate the effectiveness of CPR?

Answer 15

End-tidal carbon dioxide (ETCO2) monitoring

Question 16

What is the significance of the ‘Chain of Survival’ in ALS?

Answer 16

It outlines the critical steps needed to improve survival rates after cardiac arrest.

Question 17

Fill in the blank: The recommended depth of chest compressions for adults is at least ______ cm.

Answer 17

5 cm

Question 18

Multiple Choice: Which of the following is a critical step in the post-resuscitation phase? A) Transport to hospital B) Start immediate rehabilitation C) Limit oxygen supplementation D) Discontinue monitoring

Answer 18

A) Transport to hospital

Question 19

What is the role of rhythm checks in ALS?

Answer 19

To determine if defibrillation is required.

Question 20

True or False: ALS protocols are the same for pediatric patients as for adults.

Answer 20

False

Question 21

What is the recommended approach for managing a patient with a suspected stroke in ALS?

Answer 21

Follow the FAST acronym: Face, Arms, Speech, Time.

Question 22

Fill in the blank: Effective communication among team members during ALS is known as ______.

Answer 22

closed-loop communication

Question 23

What is the importance of continuous training in ALS for healthcare providers?

Answer 23

To ensure proficiency and adherence to updated guidelines.

Question 24

Multiple Choice: Which of the following interventions is prioritized in a cardiac arrest situation? A) Advanced airway placement B) Chest compressions C) Medication administration D) Patient assessment

Answer 24

B) Chest compressions

Question 26

What are the 4 H's in emergency medicine?

Answer 26

Hypoxia, Hypovolemia, Hypothermia, Hyperkalemia

Question 27

What does the 'H' in Hypoxia stand for?

Answer 27

Hypoxia refers to a deficiency in the amount of oxygen reaching the tissues.

Question 28

Which H condition is characterized by low blood volume?

Answer 28

Hypovolemia

Question 29

True or False: Hypothermia is a condition of elevated body temperature.

Answer 29

False

Question 30

Fill in the blank: Hyperkalemia refers to an excess of _______ in the blood.

Answer 30

potassium

Question 31

What are the 4 T's in emergency medicine?

Answer 31

Tension pneumothorax, Tamponade (cardiac), Toxins, Thrombosis

Question 32

Which T condition involves air trapped in the pleural space?

Answer 32

Tension pneumothorax

Question 33

True or False: Cardiac tamponade is a condition where fluid accumulates in the pericardial space.

Answer 33

True

Question 34

What type of substances do Toxins refer to in the 4 T's?

Answer 34

Toxins refer to harmful substances that can cause medical emergencies.

Question 35

Fill in the blank: Thrombosis refers to the formation of a ______ in a blood vessel.

Answer 35

clot

Question 36

What should be assessed first in a patient with suspected hypoxia?

Answer 36

Oxygen saturation levels

Question 37

What is a common cause of hypovolemia in emergency situations?

Answer 37

Severe bleeding or dehydration

Question 38

How does hypothermia affect the body?

Answer 38

It slows down bodily functions and can lead to organ failure.

Question 39

What is the primary treatment for hyperkalemia?

Answer 39

Calcium administration, insulin, and glucose.

Question 40

What is the immediate intervention for tension pneumothorax?

Answer 40

Needle decompression

Question 41

What is the main symptom of cardiac tamponade?

Answer 41

Hypotension and muffled heart sounds

Question 42

True or False: Toxins can only refer to drugs or medications.

Answer 42

False

Question 43

What diagnostic test is often used to identify thrombosis?

Answer 43

Ultrasound or CT scan

Question 44

What is the mnemonic to remember the 4 H's?

Answer 44

Hypoxia, Hypovolemia, Hypothermia, Hyperkalemia

Question 45

What is the mnemonic to remember the 4 T's?

Answer 45

Tension pneumothorax, Tamponade, Toxins, Thrombosis

Question 46

What is the significance of identifying the 4 H's and 4 T's in emergency medicine?

Answer 46

They represent reversible causes of cardiac arrest.

Question 47

Name one sign of hypoxia.

Answer 47

Cyanosis or altered mental status

Question 48

What can lead to tension pneumothorax?

Answer 48

Chest trauma or mechanical ventilation

Question 49

Which T condition can be caused by a pulmonary embolism?

Answer 49

Thrombosis

Question 50

What is a common treatment for toxins ingestion?

Answer 50

Activated charcoal or specific antidotes

Question 51

Fill in the blank: The 4 H's and 4 T's are critical in assessing _______ emergencies.

Answer 51

cardiac