ALS Management Flashcards
(44 cards)
At what ratio would you do chest compressions to breaths in an adult?
30:2 at a depth of 5-6 cm; 2 per second
How long should you stop CPR to check for a rhythm/rescure breaths/electrical shocks?
5 seconds
How would you change your ratio of chest compressions to breaths once a definitive airway was in place?
Continuous compressions, venilating every 6 seconds/every 10 compressions
How often should you perform a rhythm check?
Every 2 minutes
If there is a pacemaker present in someone arresting, what would you want to make sure with regard to pad placement?
>8cm away from pacemaker
How would you approach chest compressions and ventilation if you were only using a Bag and mask?
30:2 compressions
How would you approach chest compressions and ventilation if a laryngeal mask/i-gel was in situe?
Continuous compressions with breaths every 6 seconds
What dose of adrenaline would you give in a cardiac arrest?
1mg IV (10 ml of 1:10000)
What would you want to do once IV access was established in an arrest situation?
- Take bloods - VBG, FBC, U+E’s, Mg2+, G&S
- Give IV fluids
When would you give adrenaline if the rhythm was non-shockable?
Immediately after IV access established
When would you give IV adrenaline in a shockable rhythm?
After 3rd shock, then every 3-5 minutes
Why is IV adrenaline given in an arrest situation?
Causes peripheral vasoconstriction and so maximises cardiac blood flow
Once first dose of adrenaline had been given in a cardiac arrest, how often would you repeat giving the same dose?
Every 3-5 minutes, regardless of rhythm
When would you give amiodarone in a cardiac arrest situation?
If following rhythms, and after 3 shocks
- pVT
- VF
Why is amiodarone given in pVT/VF?
Stabilises the myocardium
What dose of amiodarone would you give someone in pVT/VF after 3 shocks?
300 mg IV
What are the 4 H’s and 4 T’s?
H’s
- Hypoxia
- Hypovolaemia
- Hypo/Hyperkalaemia
- Hypothermia
T’s
- Thrombosis
- Tension pneumothorax
- Tamponade
- Toxins
How would you assess hypoxia as a reversible cause of cardiac arrest?
- Ventilation adequacy
- Oxygen flow rate
- ABG
How would you treat hypoxia as a cause of cardiac arrest?
15L/minute oxygen and good ventilation
How would you assess hypovolaemia as a cause of cardiac arrest?
- History
- Drains
- Haemorrhage
- Fluid collections
How would you manage hypovolaemia as a cause of cardiac arrest?
Fluid resus/blood products
How would you assess hyper/hypokalaemia as a cause of cardiac arrest?
- ABG/VBG
- Latest blood results
How would you treat hyperkalaemia asa cause of cardaic arrest?
- 10 ml 10% calcium chloride
- 10 units Actrapid insulin in 50ml 50% dextrose
How would you treat hypokalaemia as a cause of cardiac arrest?
20 mmol KCL over 10 minutes
