Alterations Of Endocrine Function 1 Flashcards
(21 cards)
Causes of syndrome of inappropriate ADH (HIGH)
Post surgery
Ectopic production
Pulmonary infections
CNS disorders
SIADH patho
Increased secretion of ADH Water reabsorption by kidneys Excretion of concentrated urine Hyponatremia and reduced plasma osmolarity Hypertension and hypervolemia
Neurogenic Diabetes Insipidus (low ADH) is due to?
Lesions of the hypothalamus or posterior pituitary
Neurogenic diabetes insipidus is caused by?
Brain tumor
Stroke
Infections
Head trauma
Neurogenic and nephrogenic diabetes insipidus patho
Decrease in ADH
Decrease water reabsorption
Excretion of large volumes of dilute urine
High plasma osmolarity and hypernatremia
Hypovolemia an hypotension
Primary Hyperthyroidism causes
Thyroiditis
Toxic nodular or multinodular goiter (pulmmer disease)
Thyroid adenomas (tumors)
Thyroid cancer (adnocarcinoma)
Primary hyperthyroidism patho
Increase in T3/T4 leads to a decrease in TSH
Primary hyperthyroidism clinical consequences due to increased T3/T4
Increased metabolic rate
Increased neuromuscular activity
Increased SNS stimulation
Primary hyperthyroidism clinical consequences due to increased TSH
Goiter possible with secondary hypothyroidism
Primary hyperthyroidism Graves’ disease
Overproduction of thyroid autoantibodies
TSI mimics effects of TSH
Elevated levels of TSI stimulates excess T3/T4 secretion
Elevated plasma levels of T3/T4 cause TSH decrease
Primary hyperthyroidism Graves’ disease clinical consequences
Goiter
Extra ocular muscle dysfunction
Exophthalamus (protruding eye)
Retinal and optic nerve damage
Causes of Secondary hyperthyroidism
TSH secreting pituitary adenomas (blindness)
Graves’ disease
Overdose of thyroid meds
Secondary hyperthyroidism patho
Increase in TSH leads to an increase in T3/T4
Primary Hypothyroidism causes
Iodine deficiency
Congenital lack of thyroid tissue
Hashimoto’s thyroiditis
What is Hashimoto’s thyroiditis?
Production of autoantibodies that block TSH receptors
Primary Hypothyroidism patho
An increase in TSH and TRH leads to a decrease in T3/T4
Secondary hypothyroidism causes
Stroke to hypothalamus or pituitary
Pituitary tumor
Post partum pituitary necrosis
Secondary hypothyroidism patho
Decrease in TSH leads to decreased T3/T4 production
What is myxedema and what does it contribute to?
Collagen in connective tissues is replaced by other proteins and mucopolysaccarhides creating a complex that binds to water. It contributes to heart failure
Hypothyroidism clinical consequences due to decreased T3/T4
Decreased metabolic rate
Decreased neuromuscular activity
Decreased SNS activity
Hypothyroidism clinical consequences due to increased TSH
Goiter
Decreased iodine —> decreased T3/T4 —> increased TSH —> follicle growth and accumulation of thyroglobulin
