Altered Neuromuscular Flashcards
(27 cards)
chromatolysis
swelling of a neuron as a result of illness. lysis of the cell.
neuronophagia
phagocytosis of healthy neurons because they are close to dead neurons.
intraneuronal inclusions
something going on inside the neuron that should not be occurring (eg tangles)
astrogliosis
overproduction of astrocytes (the maintenance workers) to produce scar tissue
microglial nodules
damage in surrounding cells, preventing regeneration
neuropathy
damage to cell leading to improper impules/perception of impulses
demyelination
loss of myelination to axon- lost ability to conduct impulses quickly.
mechanisms of injury
- traumatic
- ischemia
- excitation
- pressure
hemiparesis
weakness on one side of the body
hemiparalysis
inability to control/move skeletal muscle on one side of the body.
hypokinesia
decrease of voluntary movement despite preserved consciousness and normal peripheral nerve and muscle function.
akinesia
loss of voluntary motor movements
bradykinesia
slowness of voluntary movements
ataxia
gross lack of muscle coordination
akathisia
mild compulsion to move- generally occurs with antipsychotic drug use.
asterixis
another name for liver flap, which occurs when there are high ammonia levels.
essential tremor
fingers, hands, and feet. absent at rest but accentuated by extension, stress, or prolonged activity.
cogwheeling
uniform resistance with ratcheting in arm or leg on pullback.
frontal lobe
- higher intellectual function
- speech production
- ipsilateral motor control
parietal lobe
primary somatic sensory area
Wernicke’s area
auditory comprehension
occipital lobe
- vision
- visual perception
diencephalon
- body temperature regulation
- pituitary hormone control
- autonomic nervous system responses
- includes thalamus, epithalamus, hypothalamus
cerebellum
coordination
