Alvarez- Anatomy of Respiratory system

Question 1

true ribs

Answer 1

1-7

Question 2

false ribs

Answer 2

8-10 (connect to sternum by cartilage)

Question 3

floating ribs

Answer 3

11, 12

Question 4

intercostals used in inspiration

Answer 4

external

Question 5

intercostals used in expiration

Answer 5

internal

Question 6

accessory muscles of inspiration

Answer 6

sternocleidomastoid
scalenes

Question 7

pleura that covers the lungs

Answer 7

visceral

Question 8

pleura that is attached to thoracic cavity

Answer 8

parietal pleura

Question 9

space in b/t visceral and parietal pleura

Answer 9

pleural space

Question 10

excess fluid in pleural space

Answer 10

pleural effusion

Question 11

Answer 11

lungs: 6th rib
pleura: 8th rib

Question 12

Answer 12

lungs: 8th rib
pleura: 10th rib

Question 13

Answer 13

lungs: 10th rib
pleura: 12th rib

Question 14

where to drain fluid in pleural effusion

Answer 14

above 10th rib at midscapular line

Question 15

why go above rib when draining

Answer 15

because neurovascular bundle is below ribs

Question 16

air trapped in pleural space

Answer 16

pneumothorax

Question 17

space safe to get air out of pleural space

Answer 17

4th intercostal space

Question 18

2 fissures of R lung

Answer 18

minor (horizontal) and major (oblique)

Question 19

fissure of L lung

Answer 19

major (oblique)

Question 20

fissure seen on posterior R and L lungs

Answer 20

oblique

Question 21

L and R primary bronchi each contain how many segments

Answer 21

10

Question 22

secondary (lobar) bronchi of R lung

Answer 22

upper
middle
lower

Question 23

secondary (lobar) bronchi of L lung

Answer 23

upper
lower

Question 24

lingula is part of what lobe

Answer 24

LUL (inferior segment)

Question 25

segments of the lobes of lungs

Answer 25

anterior posterior medial lateral superior inferior

Question 26

after 16 generations, airways are capable of what

Answer 26

gas exchange (respiratory bronchioles)

Question 27

lung divides to a total of ____ generations

Answer 27

23

Question 28

primary bronchi secondary bronchi segmental bronchi conducting bronchioles terminal bronchioles

Answer 28

conducting

Question 29

respiratory bronchioles alveolar ducts alveolar sacs alveoli

Answer 29

gas exchange

Question 30

takes deoxygenated blood into lungs for gas exchange and back to heart at L atrium through pulmonary veins

Answer 30

pulmonary artery

Question 31

brings oxygenated blood back to heart from lungs (this is specific for this part of body, different in systemic circulation)

Answer 31

pulmonary veins

Question 32

originates from thoracic aorta and provides oxygenated blood to the airways

Answer 32

bronchial circulation

Question 33

bronchial veins drain their deoxygenated blood into oxygenated pulmonary veins

Answer 33

shunting

Question 34

drain fluid from the distal lung parenchyma into proximal (hilar) lymphatics and/or the thoracic duct that drains into the left subclavian vein

Answer 34

pulmonary lymphatics

Question 35

Systemic circulation feeding the airways and pleura originates from _____ that branch from thoracic aorta

Answer 35

intercostal arteries

Question 36

gives rise to intercostal arteries that give rise to bronchial circulation and distribution of airways

Answer 36

thoracic aorta

Question 37

depends on the alveoli being thinned walled, properly inflated, and not filled with liquid. This increases gas exchange by bringing air close to the capillaries

Answer 37

gas exchange

Question 38

makes it difficult for gas exchange to occur due to excess accumulation of fluid in the lungs

Answer 38

pulmonary edema

Question 39

nodes at bifurcation

Answer 39

carinal nodes

Question 40

nodes along tertiary bronchi

Answer 40

pulmonary nodes

Question 41

nodes along lobar bronchi

Answer 41

bronchopulmonary nodes

Question 42

nodes along primary bronchi

Answer 42

tracheobronchial nodes

Question 43

nodes along trachea

Answer 43

paratracheal nodes

Question 44

nodes along mediastinum

Answer 44

mediastinal nodes

Question 45

the anatomical structure defining the entrance (or exiting) of the airways and pulmonary vessels from or to the lung

Answer 45

the hilum

Question 46

Answer 46

L lung hilum pulm a. superior to main bronchus

Question 47

Answer 47

R lung hilum pulm. a anterior to main bronchus

Question 48

nerves that provide somatic innervation and innervate parietal pleura

Answer 48

intercostal nerves (T1-T11-----thoracic splanchnic)

Question 49

innervated by autonomic lung plexus

Answer 49

visceral pleura

Question 50

pleura that can feel pain

Answer 50

parietal

Question 51

Answer 51

from R side of picture to L: sympathetic trunk R vagus L vagus cardiac plexus L recurrent laryngeal n. pulmonary plexus

Question 52

cause bronchial constriction vasodilation

Answer 52

parasympathetics

Question 53

cause bronchial dilation vasoconstriction

Answer 53

sympathetics

Question 54

sympathetics cause _____ pain

Answer 54

visceral

Question 55

keeps the diaphragm alive

Answer 55

phrenic n. (C3, C4, C5)