Fouty: Asthma

Question 1

young
diaphoretic
resp. distress

Answer 1

asthma

Question 2

chronic disorder of the airways that is complex and characterized by variable and recurring symptoms, airflow obstruction, bronchial hyperresponsiveness, and an underlying inflammation

Answer 2

asthma

Question 3

people with this have airways that are sensitive to things others are not

Answer 3

asthma

Question 4

airways narrow too much and too easily (hyperreactive)
chronic inflammation of airways

Answer 4

asthma

Question 5

increased tone of bronchial smooth muscle
inflammation/edema of airways

Answer 5

asthma

Question 6

Episodic wheezing, dyspnea, chest tightness
With or without known triggers (cold, allergens, exercise, etc.)
Symptoms worse at night

Answer 6

diagnose asthma

Question 7

Presence of airflow obstruction on spirometry
Usually reversible, but can be non-reversible when advanced
OR
Positive methacholine challenge test

Answer 7

diagnose asthma

Question 8

high normal serum eosinophils
increased exhaled NO

Answer 8

people with asthma

Question 9

Bronchoconstriction and inflammation due to pollen, dust, smoke, cats…etc

Answer 9

asthma

Question 10

Answer 10

asthma

Question 11

demonstrate obstruction or provoke it to confirm what

Answer 11

asthma

Question 12

not an increase in TLC, but does have gas trapping

Answer 12

asthma

Question 13

Increase in smooth muscle mass and tone

Lumen is narrow

Answer 13

asthma

Question 14

acute infection or exposure from chemical; increased inflammation of smooth muscle; more narrowing of lumen

Answer 14

status asthmaticus

Question 15

_____ exacerbations lead to hyperinflation

Answer 15

asthma

Question 16

_______Can Detect Asthma In People Who Are Not Acutely Having Bronchospasm

Answer 16

bronchoprovocation

Question 17

how to provoke asthma attack

Answer 17

methacholine/histamine

Question 18

Increase the tone in the bronchi are activation of Ach (cholinergic) binding M3(Gq)—-Ca2+) calcium is released in the airway smooth muscles and causes ______

Answer 18

vasoconstriction

Question 19

Increase in smooth muscle—–increases tone at baseline and reactivity to things that cause vasoconstriction (triggers); more mucus (blue)

Answer 19

remodeling of airway

Question 20

Combination of genetics, environment (how clean or dirty it was growing up), obesity, dysregulated immunity

Answer 20

people who get asthma

Question 21

excess Th2 activity (IL-4, IL-5, IL-13) leads to what 3 things

Answer 21

atopy
allergies
asthma

Question 22

this type of asthma mediated by IL-4, IL-5, IL-13

Answer 22

allergic eosinophilic asthma

Question 23

____Asthma Is Characterized by Childhood Asthma, Atopy, and Hay Fever

Answer 23

allergic eosinophilic

Question 24

cytokine that leads to increased IgE

Answer 24

IL-4

Question 25

cytokine that activates eosinophils

Answer 25

IL-5

Question 26

cytokine that activates mast cells

Answer 26

IL-9

Question 27

Characterized by Elevated IgE Levels Due To IL-4 Released from T cells

Answer 27

allergic eosinophilic asthma

Question 28

_____ asthma is mediated by IL-5 and IL-13 from innate lymphoid cells

Answer 28

non-allergic eosinophilic asthma

Question 29

____ asthma Not Associated With Increased IgE Because IL-4 Is Not Released

Answer 29

non-allergic eosinophilic asthma

Question 30

____ asthma Tends to Be Adult Onset and Can Have Chronic Rhinosinusitis

Answer 30

non-allergic eosinophilic asthma

Question 31

____ asthma is Thought To Be Mediated by IL-17A

Answer 31

non-eosinophilic asthma

Question 32

more neutrophils seen in this asthma type

Answer 32

non-eosinophilic asthma

Question 33

_____asthma Tends to Be Adult-Onset, Steroid-Resistant, and Severe

Answer 33

non-eosinophilic asthma

Question 34

____ are more potent against eosinophils, not neutrophils

Answer 34

steroids

Question 35

Non-invasive Methods To Measure Airway Inflammation

Answer 35

sputum eosinophils exhaled NO

Question 36

Symptoms: Night time awakening Missing school/work Use of FABA Engage in normal activities Quality of Life Lung function: Spirometry Peak flow

Answer 36

assessment of impairment

Question 37

Previous intubations Previous hospital/ED visits (> 2 per year) Frequency of exacerbations Presence of severe/fixed airflow limitation

Answer 37

assessment of risk

Question 38

Sx’s Night time awakening How often using beta agonist How often does it interfere with normal activities FEV1 good predictor

Answer 38

to determine asthma severity

Question 39

3 main aspects of asthma:

Answer 39

bronchoconstriction inflammation airway remodeling

Question 40

increase in airway smooth muscle tone

Answer 40

bronchoconstriction

Question 41

increase in eosinophils or neutrophils can cause this

Answer 41

inflammation

Question 42

smooth muscle hypertrophy; mucus hypersecretion can cause this

Answer 42

airway remodeling

Question 43

Reverse bronchoconstriction Decrease airway inflammation Prevent mast cell destabilization

Answer 43

Rx asthma

Question 44

inhaled corticosteroids leukotriene inhibitors long acting beta agonists

Answer 44

long term control of asthma

Question 45

Short/fast acting beta agonists Anti-cholinergics Oral corticosteroids

Answer 45

acute medications for asthma

Question 46

increase cAMP, inhibits Ca2+ release, smooth muscle relaxation (reverses bronchoconstriction)

Answer 46

beta-2 agonists

Question 47

associated with airflow obstruction that should reverse w/ beta agonist treatment (seen on PFTs)

Answer 47

asthma

Question 48

dont add long acting beta agonist to treat asthma unless they are already on what

Answer 48

corticosteroids

Question 49

main goal to treat asthma

Answer 49

improve FEV1 (lung function)

Question 50

Intermittent Reversible (usually) Exacerbation with methacholine Normal to increased DLCO

Answer 50

asthma

Question 51

Reduce airway smooth muscle tone Decrease edema Reduce precipitating factors

Answer 51

to control asthma

Question 52

fast-acting beta agonists used for what classification of asthma

Answer 52

mild intermittent

Question 53

low dose inhaled corticosteroids + fast-acting beta agonsit used for what classification of asthma

Answer 53

mild persistent

Question 54

medium dose inhaled corticosteroids

Answer 54

moderate persistent

Question 55

higher dose inhaled corticosteroids long acting beta agonist leukotriene antagonist for what classification of asthma

Answer 55

severe persistent