Amebas/ Protozoa Flashcards by Kylene Firmacion

Unicellular protozoa and has pseudopods

Ameba

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False feet

Pseudopods

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Two forms of Ameba:

I. Trophozoites
- feeds, multiplies, has pseudopods
- replication occurs in this stage
- Excystation
- Encystation
II. Cysts
- non-feeding stage and has thick protective cell wall to protect

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Conversion of cyst to trophozoite inside the ileocecal area of the intestine.

Excystation

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Conversion of trophozoite to cyst. Occurs in the intestine when the environment is
unsuitable for replication

Encystation

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What are the intestinal species of amebas?

Entamoeba histolytica
Entamoeba hartmanni 
Entamoeba coli
Entamoeba polecki
Endolimax nana
Iodamoeba butschlii

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What are the extraintestinal species of amebas?

Entamoeba gingivalis
Naegleria fowleri
Acanthamoeba species

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What are the characteristics of Entamoeba histolytica cyst?
I. 8-22 um
II. Shape: ___________
III. No. of nuclei is ______ (Usually __)
IV. Karyosome is ___ ____ ____(“Bull’s eye Karyosome”)
V. Peripheral chromatin: ____ ____ _____ distributed
VI. Cytoplasm: _____ Granular
VII. Cytoplasmic inclusions: Chromatoid Bar: _____ ends in young cysts
Diffuse glycogen mass in young cysts

II. Shape: Spherical to Round
III. No. of nuclei is 1-4 (Usually 4)
IV. Karyosome is Small and Central (“Bull’s eye Karyosome”)
V. Peripheral chromatin: Fine and evenly distributed
VI. Cytoplasm: Finely Granular
VII. Cytoplasmic inclusions: Chromatoid Bar: rounded ends in young cysts
Diffuse glycogen mass in young cysts

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Common associated diseases for E. histolytica?

Intestinal Amoebiasis, Amoebic Colitis, Amoebic Dysentery, Extraintestinal amebiasis

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What are the characteristics of Entamoeba histolytica trophozoite?
I. 8-65 um
II. Motility: ______ , _____-like pseudopodia
III. No. of nuclei: ____
IV. Karyosome: ____ and ____ “Bull’s eye Karyosome”
V. Peripheral chromatin: Fine and evenly distributed
VI. Cytoplasm: Finely Granular
VII. Cytoplasmic Inclusions: _____ Red Blood Cells

I. 8-65 um
II. Motility: Progressive, finger-like pseudopodia
III. No. of nuclei: ONE
IV. Karyosome: Small and Central “Bull’s eye Karyosome”
V. Peripheral chromatin: Fine and evenly distributed
VI. Cytoplasm: Finely Granular
VII. Cytoplasmic Inclusions: Ingested Red Blood Cells

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What are the characteristics of Entamoeba hartmanni cyst?
I. 5-12 um
II. Shape: _______
III. No. of nuclei: _____ (Usually ____)
IV. Karyosome: _____ and ______
V. Peripheral Chromatin: _____ and ____ Distributed
VI. Cytoplasm: _____ Granular
VII. Cytoplasmic Inclusions: Chromatoid Bars: Rounded ends in young cysts
Diffuse glycogen mass in young cysts

I. 5-12 um
II. Spherical
III. No. of nuclei: 1-4 (Usually 2)
IV. Karyosome: Small and Central
V. Peripheral Chromatin: Fine and Evenly Distributed
VI. Cytoplasm: Finely Granular
VII. Cytoplasmic Inclusions: Chromatoid Bars: Rounded ends in young cysts
Diffuse glycogen mass in young cysts

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Common associated diseases for E. hartmanni?

______ Amoebiasis, Amoebic _____, _____ Dysentery, _____ amebiasis

Intestinal Amoebiasis, Amoebic Colitis, Amoebic Dysentery, Extraintestinal amebiasis

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What are the characteristics of Entamoeba hartmanni trophozoite?
I. 5-15um
II. Motility: ______, ____-like pseudopodia
III. No. of nuclei: ___
IV. Karyosome: ____ and ____
V. Peripheral Chromatin: ____ and ____ Distributed
VI. Cytoplasm: _____ Granular
VII. Cytoplasmic Inclusions: Ingested ____ may be present

I. 5-15um
II. Motility: Non- progressive, finger-like pseudopodia
III. No. of nuclei: ONE
IV. Karyosome: Small and Central
V. Peripheral Chromatin: Fine and Evenly Distributed
VI. Cytoplasm: Finely Granular
VII. Cytoplasmic Inclusions: Ingested Bacteria may be present

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What are the characteristics of Entamoeba coli cyst?
I. 8-35um
II. _____ __ _____
III. No. of nuclei: ____ (Usually ___)
IV. Karyosome: ____, Irregular Shape, _____
V. Peripheral Chromatin: _____ distributed
VI: Cytoplasm: _____ and Granulated
VII. Cytoplasmic Inclusions: ____ Chromatoid Bars: _____ to splintered ends
Diffuse glycogen mass present; may displace nuclei to ____ ends of cysts

I. 8-35um
II. Round to Spherical
III. No. of nuclei: 1-8 (Usually 8)
IV. Karyosome: Large, Irregular Shape, Eccentric
V. Peripheral Chromatin: Uneven distributed
VI: Cytoplasm: Coarse and Granulated
VII. Cytoplasmic Inclusions: Thin Chromatoid Bars: Pointed to splintered ends
Diffuse glycogen mass present; may displace nuclei to opposite ends of cysts

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Common associated diseases for E. coli?

Intestinal Amoebiasis, Amoebic Colitis, Amoebic Dysentery, Extraintestinal amebiasis

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What are the characteristics of Entamoeba coli trophozoite?
I. 12-55um
II. Motility: ______, ____ pseudopodia
III. No. of nuclei: _____
IV. Karyosome: Large, ________, Eccentric
V. Peripheral Chromatin: _____ distributed
VI. Cytoplasm: Coarse and ______
VII. Cytoplasmic Inclusions: _____ containing bacteria often visible

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I. 12-55um
II. Motility: Non- progressive, blunt pseudopodia
III. No. of nuclei: ONE
IV. Karyosome: Large, Irregular Shape, Eccentric
V. Peripheral Chromatin: Uneven distributed
VI. Cytoplasm: Coarse and Granulated
VII. Cytoplasmic Inclusions: Vacuoles containing bacteria often visible

What are the characteristics of E. polecki cyst?
I. 0-20um
II. _____ ___ ______
III. No. of nuclei: _____
IV. Karyosome: _____ and _____
V. Peripheral chromatin: ____ and ____ distributed
VI. Cytoplasm: _____
VII. Cytoplasmic Inclusions: Chromatoid Bars: ____ or pointed ends
Glycogen Mass (Inclusion Mass)

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I. 0-20um
II. Spherical or Oval
III. No. of nuclei: One
IV. Karyosome: Small and Central
V. Peripheral chromatin: Fine and Evenly distributed
VI. Cytoplasm: Granular
VII. Cytoplasmic Inclusions: Chromatoid Bars: Angular or pointed ends
Glycogen Mass (Inclusion Mass)

Common associated diseases for E. polecki?

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Nonpathogenic

What are the characteristics of E. polecki trophozoite?
I. 8-25um
II. Motility: Normal Stools: ______, Non- progressive
Diarrheal Stools: Progressive, ______
III. No. of nuclei: _____
IV. Karyosome: ____ and _____
V. Peripheral Chromatin: ____ and ___ distributed
VI. Cytoplasm: Granular and ______
VII. Cytoplasmic Inclusions: Ingested _____ and other food particles

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I. 8-25um
II. Motility: Normal Stools: Sluggish, Non- progressive
Diarrheal Stools: Progressive, Unidirectional
III. No. of nuclei: ONE
IV. Karyosome: Small and Central
V. Peripheral Chromatin: Fine and Evenly distributed
VI. Cytoplasm: Granular and Vacuolated
VII. Cytoplasmic Inclusions: Ingested bacteria and other food particles

What are the characteristics of Endolimax nana cyst?
I. 4-12um
II. Spherical, Ovoid, \_\_\_\_\_\_
III. No. of nuclei: \_\_\_\_\_ (\_\_ usually)
IV. Karyosome: Large, \_\_\_\_\_, central
V. Peripheral chromatin: \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_
VI.  Cytoplasm: \_\_\_\_\_ and \_\_\_\_\_\_
VII. Cytoplasmic Inclusions: Chromatin Granules
\_\_\_\_\_ small mass
Diffuse Glycogen Mass in \_\_\_\_\_ cysts

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I. 4-12um
II. Spherical, Ovoid, Ellipsoid
III. No. of nuclei: 1-4 (4 usually)
IV. Karyosome: Large, Blotlike, central
V. Peripheral chromatin: ABSENT
VI.  Cytoplasm: Granular and Vacuolated
VII. Cytoplasmic Inclusions: Chromatin Granules
Nondescript small mass
Diffuse Glycogen Mass in young cysts

Common associated diseases for E. nana?

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Nonpathogenic

What are the characteristics of Endolimax nana trophozoite?
I. 5-12um
II. Motility: Sluggish, \_\_\_\_\_\_. Blunt Pseudopodia
III. No. of nuclei: ONE
IV. Karyosome: Large, Blotlike, \_\_\_\_\_\_
V. Peripheral chromatin: \_\_\_\_\_\_
VI. Cytoplasm: \_\_\_\_\_\_ and \_\_\_\_\_\_\_
VII. Cytoplasmic Inclusions: \_\_\_\_\_

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I. 5-12um
II. Motility: Sluggish, Non-Prog. Blunt Pseudopodia
III. No. of nuclei: ONE
IV. Karyosome: Large, Blotlike, central
V. Peripheral chromatin: ABSENT
VI. Cytoplasm: Granular and Vacuolated
VII. Cytoplasmic Inclusions: Bacteria

What are the characteristics of Iodamoeba butschlii cyst?
I. 5-22um
II. Ovoid, ______, can be ______ or other shapes
III. No. of nuclei: _____
IV. Karyosome: Large, Eccentric, _______ Granules on one side
V. Peripheral Chromatin: ______
VI. Cytoplasm: _______ Granulated and Vacuolated
VI. Cytoplasmic Inclusions: Well-defined _______ ____
______ may be present

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I. 5-22um
II. Ovoid, Ellipsoid, can be triangular or other shapes
III. No. of nuclei: One
IV. Karyosome: Large, Eccentric, Achromatic Granules on one side
V. Peripheral Chromatin: ABSENT
VI. Cytoplasm: Coarsely Granulated and Vacuolated
VI. Cytoplasmic Inclusions: Well-defined Glycogen Mass
Granules may be present

Common associated diseases for I. butschlii?

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Nonpathogenic

What are the characteristics of Iodamoeba butschlii trophozoite? I. 8-22um II. Motility: _____, usually _____ III. No. of nuclei: ______ IV. Karyosome: Large, usually central _____ achromatic ________ may or may not be present V. Peripheral Chromatin: ________ VI. Cytoplasm: ______ ______ and Vacuolated VII. Cytoplasmic inclusions: _____ _____ ____ Other Debris

I. 8-22um II. Motility: Sluggish, usually prog. III. No. of nuclei: ONE IV. Karyosome: Large, usually central refractive achromatic Granules may or may not be present V. Peripheral Chromatin: ABSENT VI. Cytoplasm: Coarsely Granulated and Vacuolated VII. Cytoplasmic inclusions: Bacteria Yeast Cells Other Debris

Common associated disease for E. gingivalis?

Nonpathogenic

What are the characteristics of Entamoeba gingivalis trophozoite? I. 8-20um II. Motility: ______, varying pseudopod look III. No. of nuclei: _____ IV. Karyosome: ______ Located V. Peripheral Chromatin: ______ Granular VI. Cytoplasm: ______ and _____ Distributed VII. Cytoplasmic Inclusions: _______ Epithelial Cells Bacteria RBC’s

I. 8-20um II. Motility: Active, varying pseudopod look III. No. of nuclei: ONE IV. Karyosome: Centrally Located V. Peripheral Chromatin: Finely Granular VI. Cytoplasm: Fine and Evenly Distributed VII. Cytoplasmic Inclusions: Leukocytes Epithelial Cells Bacteria RBC’s

What are the characteristics of Acanthamoeba species cyst? I. 8-25um II. Shape: _______ with _____ Edges III. No. of nuclei: ____ IV. Karyosome: ____ and _____ V. Peripheral Chromatin: ______ VI. Cytoplasm: _______, granular, and sometimes vacuolated VII. Cytoplasmic Inclusions: _______, smooth inner cell wall, jagged cell wall

I. 8-25um II. Roundish with Ragged Edges III. No. of nuclei: One IV. Karyosome: Large and Central V. Peripheral Chromatin: ABSENT VI. Cytoplasm: Disorganized, granular, and sometimes vacuolated VII. Cytoplasmic Inclusions: Double Cell Wall, smooth inner cell wall, jagged cell wall

Common associated disease for Acanthamoeba spp?

Granulomatous amebic encephalitis (GAE), Acanthamoeba keratitis

``` What are the characteristics of Acanthamoeba species trophozoite? I. 12-45 um II. Motility: _____, _____-like pseudopods III. No. of nuclei: _____ IV. Karyosome: _____ V. Peripheral Chromatin: _____ VI. Cytoplasm: Granular and ____ VII: Cytoplasmic incl.: NO INFO. ```

``` I. 12-45 um II. Motility: Sluggish, spine-like pseudopods III. No. of nuclei: ONE IV. Karyosome: Large V. Peripheral Chromatin: ABSENT VI. Cytoplasm: Granular and vacuolated VII: Cytoplasmic incl.: NO INFO. ```

What are the characteristics of Naegleria fowleri cyst? -Found in warm waters I. Flagella Form: ____-Shaped; ______ Moving or Spinning; Granular Cytoplasm Large Central Karyosome (w/o Peripheral Chromatin) II. Cyst size: 9-12um III. Cyst shape: ____ and _____ cell walls IV. No. of nucleus in cyst: ___ Nucleus V. Karyosome in cyst form: Large, ____ located *___ Peripheral Chromatin VI. Cytoplasm in cyst form: Granular and often contain _____

I. Flagella Form: Pear-Shaped Jerky Moving or Spinning Granular Cytoplasm Large Central Karyosome (w/o Peripheral Chromatin) II. Cyst size: 9-12um III. Cyst shape: Round and Thick cell walls IV. No. of nucleus in cyst: One Nucleus V. Karyosome in cyst form: Large, Central located *No Peripheral Chromatin VI. Cytoplasm in cyst form: Granular and often contain vacuoles

Common associated disease for N. fowleri?

Primary amebic meningocephalitis (PAM)

``` What are the characteristics of Naegleria fowleri trophozoite? I. 8-22um II. Motility: ______, ____ pseudopods III. No. of nuclei: ____ IV: Karyosome: _____, ____ located V. Peripheral Chromatin: _____ VI. Cytoplasm: Granular, _______ usually VII. Cytoplasmic Inclusions: NO INFO. ```

``` I. 8-22um II. Motility: Sluglike, blunt pseudopods III. No. of nuclei: ONE IV: Karyosome: Large, Centrally located V. Peripheral Chromatin: ABSENT VI. Cytoplasm: Granular, vacuolated usually VII. Cytoplasmic Inclusions: NO INFO. ```

In acanthamoeba spp, what species are both associated with both CNS and Eye infection?

I. A. castellani II. A. culbertsoni III. A. rhysodes

Amebas/ Protozoa Flashcards

(34 cards)