Amenorrhoea

Question 1

What is the definition of primary amenorrhoea?

Answer 1

Primary amenorrhoea is the failure to establish menstruation by the expected age (15-16 years with normal secondary sexual characteristics or 13-14 years without them).

Question 2

How is secondary amenorrhoea defined?

Answer 2

Secondary amenorrhoea is the cessation of previously established menstruation for 3 cycles or for 6 or more months.

Question 3

What are some common causes of primary amenorrhoea?

Answer 3

Common causes include anatomical abnormalities, functional hypothalamic amenorrhoea (due to stress, weight loss, or excessive exercise), and polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS).

Question 4

What should be done for a woman with secondary amenorrhoea and elevated FSH and LH levels who is younger than 40?

Answer 4

Referral to a gynaecologist should be arranged.

Question 5

What is the recommended management for osteoporosis caused by low oestrogen levels?

Answer 5

The management includes hormone replacement therapy (HRT), vitamin D supplements, and a healthy lifestyle.