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American History 8 Final Flashcards

(110 cards)

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1
Q

Which statement would a progressive have been LEAST likely to make?

A

“I am poor and live in a crowded slum.”

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2
Q

What banking system was created by the Federal Reserve Act passed in December 1913?

A

the Federal Reserve

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3
Q

What term describes journalists who wrote about corruption in business and politics?

A

Muckrakers

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4
Q

Which African American journalist campaigned against mob violence and lynching?

A

Ida B. Wells

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5
Q

Many problems that the progressives hoped to solve were brought about by the _______.

A

Industrial Revolution

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6
Q

Theodore Roosevelt believed that all trusts should be _______.

A

regulated by the federal government

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7
Q

What did reformers in the Gilded Age criticize the spoils system for?

A

spreading corruption

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8
Q

Which amendment outlawed the production and sale of alcoholic beverages in the United States?

A

Eighteenth

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9
Q

Which amendment authorized that senators would be elected by the people?

A

Seventeenth

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10
Q

Which organization fought prejudice against Jewish people?

A

the Anti-Defamation League

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11
Q

Who would have been MOST affected by the ‘Gentleman’s Agreement’?

A

workers from Japan planning to settle in the United States

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12
Q

What is a way for people to vote directly on a proposed new law?

A

Referendum

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13
Q

What allows the people to select the candidates who will run in the final election?

A

Primary

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14
Q

What allows voters to remove an elected official from office before the end of their term?

A

Recall

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15
Q

Reformers opposed to the spoils system wanted a system that used competitive exams to award government jobs based on _______.

A

Merit

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16
Q

What caused the majority of U.S. forces to die during the Spanish-American War?

A

food poisoning, disease, and other causes unrelated to battle

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17
Q

What best restates the Roosevelt Corollary?

A

When the neighbors of the United States get into disputes with foreign nations, the United States has the right to become involved.

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18
Q

What was the purpose of the Open Door Note issued by Secretary of State John Hay?

A

to keep the Chinese market open to American businesses

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19
Q

What event led Congress to approve $50 million that McKinley requested to prepare for war?

A

The Maine exploded and sank in Havana Harbor

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20
Q

Toward the beginning of the 1900s, many Americans began to apply the notion of _______ to lands overseas.

A

Manifest Destiny

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21
Q

Why did newspaper owners favor the Spanish-American War?

A

because they could sell more newspapers during a war

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22
Q

What would have been the MOST likely headline at the time of the Alaskan Purchase?

A

“WILLIAM SEWARD SEALS ALASKAN DEAL”

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23
Q

Why did Colombia refuse Roosevelt’s offer of $10 million to build a Panama Canal?

A

Colombians thought the offer was too low

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24
Q

Which statement is NOT true concerning the Alaskan Purchase?

A

Congress voted for the purchase because of the promise of rich oil and gas deposits.

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25
What did William Randolph Hearst and Joseph Pulitzer use to exaggerate conditions in Cuba?
yellow journalism
26
What term describes the attempt to control nations by using military force?
Imperialism
27
What policy called for the United States not to meddle in European affairs?
Isolationism
28
Why did President Wilson send U.S. soldiers across the Mexican border in 1916?
Francisco Villa raided and burned Columbus, New Mexico, killing 18 Americans
29
What did the Roosevelt Corollary state regarding debts owed to European countries?
The U.S. would collect debts owed to European countries by countries in the Western Hemisphere.
30
What is one of Teddy Roosevelt’s most famous sayings?
“Speak softly and carry a big stick.”
31
What military force did Teddy Roosevelt organize during the Spanish-American War?
the Rough Riders
32
What is President Taft’s policy that economic ties were the best way to expand American influence called?
dollar diplomacy
33
What is one reason that many Americans supported expansionism in the late 1800s?
All of the above.
34
What role did the Spanish-American War play in the decision to build the Panama Canal?
The United States needed a shorter route to the Philippines.
35
What type of imperialism is shown when Commodore Matthew Perry convinced Japan to open ports to U.S. trade?
Economic imperialism
36
What type of imperialism is shown when the U.S. and Germany divided control of the Samoan islands?
Colonial imperialism
37
What type of imperialism is shown when Americans influenced the Hawaiian government?
Political imperialism
38
What type of imperialism is shown when American missionaries taught Hawaiian people about Christianity?
Cultural imperialism
39
What type of imperialism is shown when President Taft encouraged American business people to invest more in Latin America?
Economic imperialism
40
What statement reflects the imperialist viewpoint regarding educating and uplifting the Filipinos?
Imperialist
41
What statement reflects the imperialist viewpoint regarding profits from overseas possessions?
Imperialist
42
What statement reflects the anti-imperialist viewpoint regarding colonial empire undermining American values?
Anti-imperialist
43
What statement reflects the imperialist viewpoint regarding seizing opportunities for empire?
Imperialist
44
What statement reflects the anti-imperialist viewpoint regarding using force to rule the Philippines?
Anti-imperialist
45
Why did American postwar strikes trouble many Americans?
People were afraid a Communist revolution was beginning.
46
The Red Scare, the Ku Klux Klan, and immigration laws of the 1920s were examples of _______.
postwar reactions in the United States
47
To help Americans afford their products, manufacturers sold them on a _______.
installment plan
48
What group of people began to vote in large numbers for the first time in 1920?
Women
49
What innovation resulted in cheaper automobiles?
The assembly line
50
During the 1920s, what did most advertisements urge people to do?
buy more than they could afford
51
What encouraged people to borrow money to buy stocks during the 1920s?
The booming stock market
52
All of the following can be considered negative effects of the automobile EXCEPT _______.
Its thrust into the mainstream created new jobs.
53
Crime became big business as a result of _______.
Prohibition
54
How did radio change American life in the 1920s?
It exposed the whole nation to the same information and entertainment.
55
What did the Eighteenth Amendment prohibit?
the manufacture, transporting, and sale of alcoholic beverages
56
Why was jazz popular in the 1920s?
It gave people a feeling of freedom from conventional rules.
57
Which group of people would have benefited LEAST from the automobile industry in the 1920s?
Movie stars
58
What did Warren G. Harding promise in the presidential election of 1920?
a return to normalcy
59
What was one result of the end of World War One in the U.S.?
Many factory workers lost their jobs.
60
What term refers to the outburst of cultural creativity centered in a mostly black New York neighborhood?
Harlem Renaissance
61
According to the law of supply and demand, farmers will obtain the highest price for their products when _______.
supply is low and demand is high
62
What did the Washington Conference in 1921 call for?
a limit on the naval strength of the world’s most powerful nations
63
What point is the author trying to make about women's voting rights and attitudes of the American people?
the attitudes of the American people are difficult to change
64
Which was NOT one of the aims of Franklin D. Roosevelt's New Deal?
Reconstruction
65
How did President Hoover think the Great Depression would be resolved?
through voluntary action on the part of businesses, local governments, and charities
66
You would have been LEAST likely to see which newspaper headline during the Great Depression?
INCREASED JOB OPPORTUNITIES FOR COLLEGE GRADS
67
What was President Roosevelt's reason for proposing the Supreme Court Reform Plan?
He feared many of his New Deal programs would be ruled unconstitutional.
68
As the presidential election of 1932 approached, most Americans believed that _______.
Hoover would not end the depression
69
During the depression, African American workers were often _______.
the last to be hired and the first to be fired
70
What term describes the rise and fall of the economy?
the business cycle
71
What are projects such as roads and dams that benefit the people as a whole referred to as?
public works
72
What headline would you most likely have seen after the army drove the Bonus Marchers out of Washington, DC?
HOOVER'S POPULARITY AT ROCK BOTTOM
73
What worried many critics of the New Deal?
deficit spending
74
What are the first three months of Roosevelt's administration referred to as?
the hundred days
75
Why did millions of Americans lose their savings during the first few years of the depression?
banks did not have enough money to pay all the withdrawing depositors
76
The Agricultural Adjustment Act benefited which group of people?
Farmers
77
During the Great Depression, those who did not lose their jobs often _______.
had their salaries cut
78
Approximately how long did the Great Depression last?
10 years
79
What New Deal Program helped restore public faith in the banking system?
The Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation
80
What does the Black Cabinet refer to?
African American leaders that Roosevelt appointed to his administration
81
Why were films like King Kong popular during the Great Depression?
They helped people forget their troubles.
82
What feeling did the laws passed during the Hundred Days cause?
the government was trying to end the depression
83
What happened to the power of the federal government as the New Deal program went into effect?
The power of both went up.
84
What expressions showed that President Hoover was blamed for the suffering of the poor?
Hoovervilles and Hoover blankets
85
As men left the workforce to join the armed forces, who replaced them?
women
86
What finally ended the Great Depression?
increasing the demand for weapons and supplies
87
When did World War II begin?
September 1, 1939
88
Which statement can be said about totalitarian governments?
that the first one formed in Japan
89
During WWII, what did women and minorities find?
jobs plentiful
90
What was the final action that caused the United States to enter World War II?
bombing of Pearl Harbor by the Japanese
91
What effect did World War II have on unemployment in the United States?
that unemployment increased
92
What can be said about charges that Japanese Americans acted as spies during World War II?
No spying was ever proved
93
What did Rosie the Riveter symbolize for many Americans?
the ability of women to take on a 'man’s' job
94
What allowed warring nations to buy American arms and goods if they had ships to transport them?
cash-and-carry policy
95
What did Hitler do that broke the nonaggression pact?
invaded the Soviet Union
96
How did Japan respond to the United States cutting off their supply of oil?
They attacked Pearl Harbor.
97
Who rose to power in Germany during the 1930s?
Adolph Hitler
98
What type of warfare used by the Nazis means 'lightning war' in German?
Blitzkrieg
99
What term describes the intentional elimination of an entire people?
Genocide
100
What was the name of the American project that developed the Atomic bomb?
Manhattan Project
101
What two Japanese cities had atomic bombs dropped on them?
Hiroshima and Nagasaki
102
What is the murder of about 6 million Jews and other undesirables by the Nazis known as?
the Holocaust
103
Which President gave the order to drop the Atomic bomb on Japan?
Harry Truman
104
What does Justice Frank Murphy's dissenting opinion in Korematsu v. United States emphasize?
Military necessity does not justify violating constitutional rights
105
What policy did most Americans continue to favor during the 1930s?
Isolationism
106
What alternative to using the atomic bomb was the President informed about?
an Allied invasion of the Japanese homeland
107
How did the League of Nations react to Japan’s aggression toward China in 1931?
It protested but took no action
108
What did the 1935 Neutrality Act establish?
It forbade the United States to assist any nation involved in war
109
What did Hitler do after Soviet troops captured Berlin?
killed himself
110
Under internment, where did the U.S. government relocate most Japanese Americans?
remote camps throughout the western United States

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