AMINES

Question 1

AMMONOLYSIS

Answer 1

R-X + NH³ → R-NH²

Question 2

Preparation of amines bt CARBONYL COMPOUNDS

Answer 2

Aldehyde / Ketone → C=NH → reduction → R-NH²

Reduction →H² , Ni/Pt/Pd

Question 3

Preparation of amines by HYDROLYSIS

Answer 3

Isonitrile → 2H²O (acidic) → R-NH²
Isocyanate → 2KOH (basic) → R-NH²
( R-N=C=O )

Question 4

MENDIUS REDUCTION

Answer 4

R-C=-N + Na/EtOH → R-CH²-NH²

Question 5

Formation of amines by REDUCTION

Answer 5

Oxime ( R-CH=N-OH ) :
LiAlH⁴ or Na/EtOH → R-CH²-NH²

N-containing compounds :
H² , Ni/Pt/Pd
Sn+HCl
Fe+HCl
LiAlH⁴

Question 6

GABRIEL PHTHALIMIDE

Answer 6

Salicylic acid +NH³ (excess) ∆ → phthalimide

Phthalimide + KOH/NaOH + R-X → R-NH²

Question 7

CURTIUS REACTION

Answer 7

R-CO-Cl + NaN³ → R-CO-N³ → R-CO-N: → R-N=C=O → R-NH² +CO²

Question 8

SCHIMIDT REACTION

Answer 8

R-CO-OH + N³H + H²SO⁴ → R-NH²

Question 9

Preparation of amines

Answer 9

1. Ammonolysis
2. Carbonyl compounds followed by reduction
3. Mendius reduction
4. Reduction of oxime
5. Reduction of N-containing compounds
6. Hydrolysis
7. Gabriel Phthalimide
8. Curtius Reaction
9. Schimidt Reaction

Question 10

CURTIUS REACTION

Answer 10

R-CO-Cl + N³H → R-CO-N³ → R-CO-N: → R-N=C=O → R-NH²