Amino Acid Boot Camp

Question 1

What 4 components make up amino acids?

What is at the center of an amino acid?

Answer 1

NH3+ (Amino Group)
COO- (Carboxylic Acid)
R Group
H (Hydrogen)

A central tetrahedral carbon is the ⍺-carbon (C⍺), and is at the center of all amino acids.

Question 2

How many amino acids are found in proteins?

Answer 2

20 different amino acids are found in proteins

Question 3

Glycine

R?

Answer 3

Nonpolar aliphatic
Gly G

Question 4

Alanine
Ala A

R?

Answer 4

Question 5

Proline

R?

Answer 5

Nonpolar aliphatic
Pro P

Question 6

Valine
Val V

R?

Answer 6

Question 7

Leucine

R?

Answer 7

Nonpolar aliphatic
Leu L

Question 8

Isoleucine

R?

Answer 8

Non polar aliphatic
Ile I

Question 9

Methionine

R?

Answer 9

Uncharged Aliphatic
Met M

Question 10

Name the 7 Amino Acids with Nonpolar, aliphatic R Groups

Answer 10

1) Glycine - Gly G
2) Alanine - Ala A
3) Proline - Pro P
4) Valine - Val V
5) Leucine - Leu L
6) Isoleucine - Ile I
7) Methionine - Met M

Question 11

Aspartate

R?

Answer 11

Polar Neg Charged
Asp D

Question 12

Glutamate

R?

Answer 12

Neg Charged Polar
Glu E

Question 13

Name the 2 Amino Acids with Negatively charged R groups

Answer 13

1) Asparate - Asp D
2) Glutamate - Glu E

Question 14

Lysine

R?

Answer 14

Pos Charged Polar
Lys K

Question 15

Arginine

R?

Answer 15

Positivley Charged
Arg R

Question 16

Histidine
His H

Answer 16

Question 17

What is unique about His?

Answer 17

His gets conditionallly charged at physiological pH

Physiological pH – The pH that normally prevails in the human body. ~7.4

Question 18

Name the 3 Amino Acids with Positivley charged R Groups?

Answer 18

1) Lysine - Lys K
2) Arginine - Arg R
3) Histidine - His H

Question 19

Serine
Ser S

R?

Answer 19

Question 20

Threonine

R?

Answer 20

Polar Uncharged
Thr T

Question 21

Cysteine
Cys C

Answer 21

Question 22

What is unique about Cysteine side chains?

Answer 22

They can be oxidized to form Disulfide Bonds

Question 23

Asparagine

R?

Answer 23

Polar uncharged
Asn N

Question 24

Glutamine
Gln Q

Answer 24

Question 25

Name the 5 Amino Acids with Polar, uncharged R Groups

Answer 25

1) Serine - Ser S 2) Threonine - Thr T 3) Cysteine - Cys C 4) Asparagine - Asn N 5) Glutamine - Gln Q

Question 26

Phenylalanine Phe F | R?

Answer 26

Question 27

Tyrosine Tyr Y

Answer 27

Question 28

Tryptophan | R?

Answer 28

Aromatic Trp W

Question 29

Name the 3 Amino Acids with Aromatic R Groups?

Answer 29

1) Phenylalanine - Phe F 2) Tyrosine - Tyr Y 3) Tryptophan - Trp W