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Biochem Block 1 > Amino Acids > Flashcards

Amino Acids Flashcards

(52 cards)

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1
Q

What is the average pKa for a carboxylic acid group?

A

~2

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2
Q

What is the average pKa for an amino group?

A

~9.5

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3
Q

What is the physiologic pH?

A

7.4

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4
Q

Which are the branched chain amino acids?

A

Valine, isoleucine, and leucine

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5
Q

Which are the sulfur containing amino acids?

A

methionine and cysteine

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6
Q

Which are the aromatic amino acids?

A

phenylalanine, tyrosine, and tryptophan

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7
Q

Which are the basic amino acids?

A

arginine and lysine

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8
Q

Which are the acidic amino acids?

A

aspartate and glutamate

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9
Q

Which are the hydroxyl containing amino acids?

A

Serine, threonine, tyrosine

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10
Q

Which are non-polar, hydrophobic?

A

glycine, alanine, proline, valine, isoleucine, phenylalanine, tryptophan, and methionine

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11
Q

Which are polar uncharged?

A

asparagine, glutamine, serine, threonine, tyrosine, cysteine

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12
Q

Which are charged?

A

aspartate, glutamate, arginine, lysine, histidine

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13
Q

Which is a weakly basic amino acid?

A

histidine

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14
Q

What is the pH of histidine in its free form? and in a polypeptide chain?

A

6; 7

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15
Q

When ph>pKa, what happens?

A

hydrogen ion concentration is more on the pKa side, so the pKa group undergoes deprotonation and donates an H

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16
Q

When pH<pKa, what happens?

A

more protons in fluid, so the proton released in carboxyl group does here and receives an H (undergoes protonation)

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17
Q

What happens when pH=pKa?

A

50% protonation, 50% deprotonation and they exist in a zwitter ion

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18
Q

What is metabolic acidosis?

A

pH < 7.4

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19
Q

What is allacalosis?

A

pH > 7.4

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20
Q

What are the Essential amino acids?

Think PVT TIM HALL

A

phenylalanine, valine, threonine,
tryptophan, isoleucine, methinonine
histidine, arginine, leucine, and lysine

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21
Q

What amino acid is this by the abbreviation? Gly

22
Q

What amino acid is this by the abbreviation? Ala

23
Q

What amino acid is this by the abbreviation? Val

24
Q

What amino acid is this by the abbreviation? Leu

25
What amino acid is this by the abbreviation? Ile
Isoleucine
26
What amino acid is this by the abbreviation? Met
Methionine
27
What amino acid is this by the abbreviation? Cys
Cysteine
28
What amino acid is this by the abbreviation? Phe
Phenylalanine
29
What amino acid is this by the abbreviation? Tyr
Tyrosine
30
What amino acid is this by the abbreviation? Trp
Trypophan
31
What amino acid is this by the abbreviation? Arg
Arginine
32
What amino acid is this by the abbreviation?Lys
Lysine
33
What amino acid is this by the abbreviation? His
Histidine
34
What amino acid is this by the abbreviation? Asp
Aspartate
35
What amino acid is this by the abbreviation? Glu
Glutamate
36
What amino acid is this by the abbreviation? Asn
Asparagine
37
What amino acid is this by the abbreviation? Gln
Glutamine
38
What amino acid is this by the abbreviation? Ser
Serine
39
What amino acid is this by the abbreviation? Thr
Threonine
40
At pH of 7.4, how do amino acids exist?
in ionized form; the amino group carries positive charge and carboxylic carries a negative charge
41
Which amino acid is a helix breaker?
proline
42
Why is proline called a helix breaker?
the rigid ring structure can not be accomodated in some structures, so it breaks the helical structure of the protein
43
enzymes that add a phosphate are called?
kinase
44
enzymes that remove a phosphate are called?
phosphatase
45
This type of amino acid can't interact with water, so it is buried in a protein molecule
non-polar
46
This type of amino acid is present on the surface of the protein and can interact with water molecules, making H bonds
polar
47
What is the polar importance?
globular protein and in membrane spanning region of transmembrane proteins
48
What is the non-polar importance?
amino acids come in contact with non-polar tail
49
What are conditions of negative nitrogen balance?
protein malnutrition, dietary deficiency, starvation, uncontrolled diabetes, infection
50
What are conditions of positive nitrogen balance?
pregnancy, growth, recovery from surgery
51
At physiologic pH, what is the charge of the amino group?
positive
52
At physiologic pH, what is the charge of the carboxylic acid group?
negative

Biochem Block 1 (10 decks)

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