AMNIOTIC FLUID

Question 1

AMNIOTIC FLUID IS COMPOSED OF

Answer 1

Composition
Maternal circulation - first trimester
fetal urine - after the first trimester lung fluid

Question 2

ABSORPTION OF MANIOTIC FLUID IN QUANTITY THROUGHOUT PREGNANCY

Answer 2

intramembranous flow

Question 3

AMNIOTIC VS MATERNAL URINE

Answer 3

AF
- ALKALAINE
-UREA <3O MG/DL
- CREATININE <3.5MG/SL
- + IN PROTEIN AND GLUCOSE

MU
- ACIDIC
-UREA >300MG/DL
- CREATININE <1O MG/SL
- + IN PROTEIN AND GLUCOSE

Question 4

PROCESS OF COLLECTION OF AMNIOTIC

Answer 4

1. Transabdominal amniocentesis
   - preferred method
2. vaginal amniocentesis
   - greater risk of infection

Question 5

max of 30 ml is collected in sterile syringes, performed at 14th of gestation

Answer 5

Amniocentesis

Question 6

AF > 1200 m

Answer 6

polyhydramnios

Question 7

AF < 800 ml

Answer 7

Oligohydramnios

Question 8

POLYHYDRAMNIOS INDICATES

Answer 8

(fetal distress, neutral tube disorders)

Question 9

Oligohydramnios INDICATES

Answer 9

• (increased swallowing, urinary tract deformities, membrane leakage)

Question 10

Placed on ice during transport
Kept refrigerated

Answer 10

FLM TEST (fetal lung maturity test)

Question 11

protected from light (put in amber colored tube or cover with aluminum foil/cloth)

Answer 11

Bilirubin analysis

Question 12

Aseptically processed
maintained at room temperature or body temperature

Answer 12

CYTOGENIC STUDIES & MICROBIAL TESTS

Question 13

Centri/filter samples to separate fluids from the supernatant,

Answer 13

CHEMICAL TESTING

Question 14

Yellow AF

Answer 14

bilirubin

Question 15

Red/blood streaked =

Answer 15

traumatic tap, abdominal trauma, intraamniotic hemorrhage

Question 16

Dard red brown =

Answer 16

blood (severe hemolysis), darkness may be due to fetal death

Question 17

Dark green =

Answer 17

meconium

Question 18

Performed spectrophotometric analysis and plotted on liley curve

Answer 18

Bilirubin in AF analysis

Question 19

evaluates fetal distress/fetal anemia produced by HDN

Answer 19

Bilirubin in AF analysis

Question 20

in the course of normal pregnancy, bilirubin pigment in amniotic fluid decreases, but if maternal antibodies that cross the placenta destroy fetal red cells, bilirubin fails to decline and may even further increase

Answer 20

BILLOIRUBIN

Question 21

detects neural tube disorder

Answer 21

Alpha fetoprotein (

Question 21

major CHON produced by fetal liver during early gestation (prior to 18 weeks) and found in maternal serum due to the combined circulation and in amniotic fluid by excretion in fetal urine

Answer 21

Alpha fetoprotein

Question 22

Measures acetylcholinesterase enzyme

Answer 22

Alpha fetoprotein

Question 23

reference method

Answer 23

L/S Ratio -

Question 24

- primary component of the surfactant that make-up the majority of alveolar lining

Answer 24

Lecithin

Question 25

- is a lipid that is produced at a constant rate after about 26 weeks gestation

Answer 25

SphingoMyelin

Question 26

Pattern of Phospholipids during Gestation:

Answer 26

up to 26th week of gestation - the amount of Lecithin is < the amount of sphingomyelin

Question 27

after 36th week - amount of Lecithin ____markedly;

Answer 27

increases

Question 28

sphingomyelin remains relatively constants or may decrease Before 35 wks, L/S ____ After 35 wks, L/S >_____

Answer 28

sphingomyelin remains relatively constants or may decrease Before 35 wks, L/S < 1.6 After 35 wks, L/S > 2.0 (fetal lung maturity)

Question 29

Use antisera specific for phosphatidylglycerol

Answer 29

flm

Question 30

Immunologic by principle Look for agglutination

Answer 30

Amniostat - FLM

Question 31

reporting of Amniostat - FLM

Answer 31

Reporting: low negative (fetal lung immaturity) low or high positive (fetal lung maturity)

Question 32

Not affected by blood and meconium

Answer 32

Amniostat - FLM

Question 33

test for L/S ratio (lung-surface lipid concentrations)

Answer 33

Foam/Shake Test (Mechanical Method)

Question 34

Made by type Il pneumocytes

Answer 34

LAMELLAR BODIES

Question 35

Assess Fetal lung maturity

Answer 35

LAMELLAR BODIES

Question 36

Increased lamellar bodies

Answer 36

→ increased phospholipids I L/S ratio, increased OD of AF

Question 37

Optical Density

Answer 37

Centrifuge at 2000g for 10 mins at 650 Normal: OD > 0.150