amphibian locomotion Flashcards
(20 cards)
what locomotion style is unique to frogs
jumping
what muscle stores energy for frog jumps
plantaris tendon
what is power amplification in frogs
tendons store and release elastic energy to enhance jumps
why do small frogs rely more on elastic energy
their muscles cant generate enough power alone
what is the ilio-sacral hinge
joint that increases pelvic flexibility in frogs
what landing posture reduces injury in tree frogs
head up landing with toe pads adgering
what adaptation helps frogs adhere to surfaces
toe pads with hexagonal cells
why do burrowing frogs have short limbs
for effective digging, trade off with jumping
what is unique about brachycephalus frogs
tiny size, poor landing, crash landings
what skeletal simplification aids tumbling frogs
reduced vertebrae
what kind of limb motion do arboreal salamanders use
hip twist jumping or crawling with adhesion
what is power amplification in frogs
tendons store and release elastic energy to enhance jumps
how do aquatic frogs swim
using thrust from hindfoot motion
what proportion of thrust in frog swimming comes from there feet
93%
what is functional cost of burrowing frogs
reduced jumping capabiities
what is the ancestral tetrapod gait retained in salamanders
diagonal couplet walking with lateral bending
what locomotor adaptation is seen in toads
more running than jumping, aided by toxicity
what helps salamanders climb
prehensile tail and friction based grip
why is miniturisation problematic for locomotion
vestibular systems lose function
what is the locomotor difference between arboreal and aquatic frogs
arboreal frogs have long limbs and pads, aquatic frogs have webbed feet
