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PTA musculoskeletal > amputations and prothetics > Flashcards

amputations and prothetics Flashcards

(70 cards)

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1
Q

forequarter (scapulothoracic)

A

surgical removal of the upper extremity including the shoulder girdle

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2
Q

Shoulder disarticulation

A

surgical removal of the upper extremity through the shoulder

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3
Q

transhumeral

A

surgical removal of the upper extremity proximal to the elbow joint

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4
Q

elbow disarticulation

A

surgical removal of the lower arm and hand through the elbow joint

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5
Q

transradial

A

surgical removal of the upper extremity distal to the elbow joint

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6
Q

wrist disarticulation

A

surgical removal of the hand through the wrist joint

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7
Q

partial hand

A

surgical removal of a portion of the hand and or digits at either the transcarpal, transmetacarpal or transphalangeal level

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8
Q

digital amputaion

A

surgica lremoval of a digit at either metacarpophlangeal, proxiamal interphalangeal or distal interphalangeal level

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9
Q

hemicorporectomy

A

surgical removal of the pelvis and both lower extremities

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10
Q

hemipelvectomy

A

surgical removal of one half of the pelvis and the lower extremity

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11
Q

hop disarticulation

A

surgical removal of the lower extremity from the pelvis

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12
Q

ransfemoral

A

surgical removal of the lower extremity above the knee joint

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13
Q

knee disarticulation

A

surgical removal of the lower extremity

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14
Q

transitibal

A

surgical removal of the lower extremity below the knee joint

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15
Q

syme’s

A

surgical removal of the foot at the ankle joint with removal of the malleoli

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16
Q

verse tarsal (chopart’s)

A

amputation through the talonavicular and calcaneocuboid joints. The amputation preserves the plantar flexors, but sacrifices the dorsiflexors often resulting in an equinus contracture

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17
Q

tarsometatarsal (lisfanc)

A

surgical removal of the metatarsals. The amputation preserves the dorsiflexors and plantar flexors.

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18
Q

Sockets for transradial

A

standard socket covers 2/3 of forearm
standard sockets may be shortened to allow for increased pronation/supination ability
supracondylar sockets are self-suspending and require no additional harness apparatus

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19
Q

socket for transhumeral

A

extends to acromion level
modified design allows for more stability with rotational movement
lightweight friction units may be used with passive prosthetic arms

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20
Q

suspension for transradial

A

triceps cuff
harness
cable system

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21
Q

suspension for transhumeral

A

harness
cable system
suction

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22
Q

elbow unit for transradial

A

attaches to either triceps cuff or upper arm pad
flexible or rigid hinge connects sockets to proximal component

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23
Q

elbow unit for transhumeral

A

internal or external locking elbow unit

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24
Q

wrist unit for transradial

A

quick change unit
wrist flexion unit
ball and socket
constant friction

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25
wrist unit for transhumeral
quick change unit wrist flexion unit ball and socket constant friction
26
terminal device for transradial
voluntary opening or closing body powered, externally powered, myoelectric or hybrid hook, mechanical hand, cosmetic glove
27
terminal device for transhumeral
voluntary opening or closing body powered, externally powered, myoelectric or hybrid hook, mechanical hand, cosmetic glove
28
Socket for transfemoral
quadrilateral socket ischial containment sockete
29
Socket for transfemoral
quadrilateral socket ischial containment socket
30
socket for transtibial
patella tendon bearing socket (PTB) supracondylar patella tendon socket (PTS) supracondylar - suprapatellar socket (SC-SP)
31
suspension for transfemoral
lanyard strap shuttle lock suction - seal in liner suction or skin fit suction partial suction - Silesian bandage or pelvic belt/band vacume
32
suspension for transtibial
supracondylar cuff thigh corset supracondylar brim rubber/neoprene sleeve suspension waist belt with fork strap suction with knee sleeve shuttle lock vacume
33
knee for transfemoral
single axis knee polycentric knee hydraulic knee microprocessor knee
34
knee for trantibial
not needed
35
shank for tranfemoral
exoskeleton - rigid exterior endoskeleton 0 pylon covered with foam
36
shank for transtibial
exoskeleton - rigid exterior endoskeleton 0 pylon covered with foam
37
foot system for transfemoral
solid ankle cushion heel (SACH) stationary attachment flexible endoskeleton (SAFE) single axis multi-axial hydraulic powered dynamic response
38
foot system for transtibial1
solid ankle cushion heel (SACH) stationary attachment flexible endoskeleton (SAFE) single axis multi-axial hydraulic powered dynamic response
39
advantage of rigid (plaster or Paris)
allows early ambulation with pylon promotes circulation and healing stimulates proprioception provides protection provides soft tissue support limits edema ability to utilize an IPOP (immediate post-operative prothesis)
40
disadvantage of rigde (plaster of paris )
immediate wound inspection is not possible does not allow for daily dressing change requires professional application
41
advantage of non weight bearing rigid removable limb protectors
removable accommodates edema fluctuation easily applied prevents contracture provides protection
42
disadvantage of non weight bearing rigid removable limb protectors
not for ambulatory purposes
43
advantages for semi-rigid (unna paste, air splint)
reduces post operative edema provides soft tissue support allows for earlier ambulation provides protection easily changeable
44
disadvantage for semi-rigid (unna paste, air splint)
does not protect as well as rigid dressing requires more changing than rigid dressing ma loosen and allow for development of edema
45
advantage of soft (ace wrap shrinker)
reduces post operative edema provides some protection relatively inexpensive easily remove for wound inspection allows for active joint range of motion
46
disadvantage for soft (ace wrap shrinker)
tissue healing is interrupted by frequent dressing changes joint range of motion may delay the healing of the incision less control of residual limb pain cannot control the amount of tension in the basndage risk of torniquet effect shrinker cannot be applied until sutures staples are removed
47
pre-prosthetic phase
about 6 weeks focuses on protecting limb, preventing contractures, developing single limb mobility skills, prepare patient for prosthetic phase
48
anchor wrap above ___ for transtibial amputations
knee
49
anchor wrap around ___ for transsfemoral amputations
pelvis
50
use __ in wrap for UE amputation
2-4
51
use __ in wrap for transtibuial amputation
3-4
52
use __ in wrap for transfemoral amputation
6
53
neuroma
bundle of nerve ending that group together and can produce pain due to scar tissue, pressure form the prothesis or tension on the residual limb
54
lateral bending prosthetic causes
prosthesis too short improperly shaped lateral wall high medial wall prothesis aligned in abduction
55
lateral bending amputee causes
poor balance abduction contracture improper training short residual limb weak hip abductors on prosthetic side hypersensitive and painful residual limb
56
abducted gait prosthetic causes
prosthesis tooo long high medial wall poorly shaped lateral wall prosthesis positioned in abduction inadequate suspension excessive knee friction
57
abducted gait for amputee causes
abduction contracture improper training adductor roll weak hip flexors and adductors pain over lateral residual limb
58
circumducted gait prosthetic causes
prosthesis too long excessive knee friction socket too small excessive plantar flexion
59
circumducted gait amputee causes
abduction contracture improper training weak hip flexors lacks confidence to flex the knee painful anterior distal residual limb inability to initiate prosthetic knee flexion
60
excessive knee flexion during stance prosthetic causes
socket set forward in relation to foot excessive dorsiflexion stiff feel prosthesis too long
61
excessive knee flexion during stance amputee causes
knee flexion contracture hop flexion contracture pain anteriorly in residual limb decreased in quadriceps strength poor balance
62
vaulting prosthetic causes
prosthesis too long inadequate socket suspension excessive alignment stability excessive plantar flexion
63
vaulting amputee causes
residual limb discomfort improper training fear of stubbing toe short residual limb painful hip residual limb
64
rotation of forefoot at heel strike prosthetic causes
excessive toe-out built in loose fitting socket inadequate suspension rigid SACH heel cushin
65
rotation of forefoot at heel strike amputee causes
poor muscle control improper training weak medial rotators short residual limb
66
forward trunk flexion prosthetic causes
socket too big poor suspension knee instability
67
forward trunk flexion amputee causes
hip flexion contracture weak hip extensors pain with ischial weight bearing inability to initiate prosthetic knee flexion
68
medial or lateral whip prosthetic causes
excessive rotation of the knee tight socket fit valgus in the prosthetic knee improper alignment of toe break
69
medial or lateral whip amputee causes
improper training weak hip rotators knee instability
70
dysvascular
disease of the blood vessels peripheral vascular disease, peripheral arterial disease, and complication related to diabetes

PTA musculoskeletal (4 decks)

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