Amputations & prosthetics

Question 1

Interscapular thoracic

Answer 1

Forequarter; amputation of entire UE, scapula and clavicle

Question 2

Transhumeral

Answer 2

Amputation through the humerus

Question 3

Transradial

Answer 3

Amputation through the radius and ulna

Question 4

Shoulder disarticulation

Answer 4

Amputation at the glenoid

Question 5

Transhumeral (long)

Answer 5

Amputation right above the elbow

Question 6

Elbow disarticulation

Answer 6

Amputation at the elbow

Question 7

Wrist disarticulation

Answer 7

Amputation at the wrist bones

Question 8

Transmetacarpal

Answer 8

Amputation at the MCPs

Question 9

preprosthetic phase

Answer 9

Training begins immediately after amputation and continues through prosthetic fitting

Question 10

Evaluation

Answer 10

Past medical hx, functional status & rehabilitation goals; interview with client & family members; upper quadrant ROM and skin healing, edema, and limb volume measurement, residual limb & phantom pain, psychological and emotional adjustment

Question 11

ADLs

Answer 11

Independence in basic self- care after amputation

Question 12

Wound healing & limb shaping

Answer 12

Performs wound care and dressing changes according to physicians guidelines

Question 13

Limb wrapping

Answer 13

Decrease edema and promote optimal limb shaping; figure- 8 wrapping performed from distal to proximal compression and shaping of the residual limb

Question 14

shrinker

Answer 14

compression garment worn by amputees to help manage swelling, shape the residual limb, and prepare it for prosthesis

Question 15

Types of prosthetic

Answer 15

Body-powered, electrically powered, hybrid, activity- specific and passive prostheses

Question 16

Body- powered prosthesis

Answer 16

cable driven & controlled by gross body movements; use body motions proximal to the amputation to pull tension on a cable operating the terminal device

Question 17

Client must be able to perform one of the following movements

Answer 17

(1) glenohumeral flexion (2) scapular abduction or adduction (3) shoulder depression or elevation (4) chest expansion (5) elbow flexion

Question 18

Advantages of body- powered prosthesis

Answer 18

Durable and can be exposed to environmental conditions, provides proprioceptive feedback, lower maintenance consists than myoelectric prosthesis

Question 19

Disadvantages of body- powered prosthesis

Answer 19

Restrictive harness, decreased grip force compared to myoelectric options, force is exerted on the residual limb, can be difficult to control for high levels of amputations

Question 20

Electrically powered prosthesis

Answer 20

Myoelectric prosthesis uses muscle surface electricity to control the operations of the terminal device

Question 21

Hybrid prosthesis

Answer 21

Combines body-powered and electrically powered components in one design

Question 22

Hybrid prosthesis are most commonly seen with ______

Answer 22

transhumeral amputation

Question 23

Passive prosthesis

Answer 23

Can serve in both cosmetic and functional restoration of the hand after amputation

Question 24

Activity- specific prosthesis

Answer 24

Designed for a particular activity or task

Question 25

UL prosthetic componetry

Answer 25

Prosthetic sock, socket, harness and control system, terminal device, wrist unit , transradial hinges, elbow units, shoulder units

Question 26

Prosthetic sock

Answer 26

knit wool, cotton or Orlon Lycra is worn between the prosthesis and the residual limb

Question 27

Socket

Answer 27

fundamental component, to which the remaining components are attached

Question 28

Harness and control system

Answer 28

In a body- powered prosthesis the control system functions through the interaction of a Dacron harness and stainless steel cable

Question 29

Terminal device

Answer 29

Most distal component of the prosthesis

Question 30

Voluntary open terminal device

Answer 30

held closed in a relaxed position, and opens when the wearer exerts tension of the control cable that connects to the "thumb" of the terminal device

Question 31

Voluntary close terminal device

Answer 31

Open in a relaxed position and closes when tension is applied to the control cable and it is automatically opened by a spring mechanism when the cable is relaxed

Question 32

wrist unit

Answer 32

Wrist connects the terminal device to the prosthesis; services as a unit for interchange and provides pronation and supination of the terminal device prepositioning purposes

Question 33

Transradial hinges

Answer 33

Uses two hinges, one on each side of the elbow, that attach to the socket below the elbow and to a pad or cuff above the elbow

Question 34

Elbow untis

Answer 34

Amputation through the level of the elbow or higher

Question 35

Shoulder units

Answer 35

Shoulder units are manually operated and friction held

Question 36

Electrically powered components

Answer 36

Terminal devices, wrist units elbow units and shoulder units

Question 37

Electrically powered terminal devices

Answer 37

Available in two speed systems: digital control and proportional control

Question 38

Digital control

Answer 38

Operate at a constant speed

Question 39

Proportional control

Answer 39

Myoelectric signal to the hand is proportionate with the level of muscle signal the wearer generates

Question 40

Electrical wrist units

Answer 40

Used to provide an attachment point for the terminal device to the forearm

Question 41

Electrical elbow units

Answer 41

Reduce the need for the glenohumeral ROM or strength that typically is needed to operate body-powered prosthesis

Question 42

Shoulder units

Answer 42

Offer flexion/ extension and adduction/ abduction

Question 43

Wearing schedule

Answer 43

Initially worn 15-30 minutes 3x a day

Question 44

Each time the prosthetic is removed _______

Answer 44

the skin must be insepcted for redness or irritation

Question 45

Above- knee amputation

Answer 45

Results in loss of the knee joint and everything distal to it

Question 46

Below knee amputation

Answer 46

Preserves the knee & thigh musculature attachments, eliminating the necessity for a mechanical knee joint in the prosthesis

Question 47

Syme's amputation

Answer 47

Ankle disarticulation results in loss of both ankle and foot function but maintains length of the tibia & fibula & their condyles

Question 48

Causes of LL amputation

Answer 48

Peripheral vascular disease, diabetes mellitus, trauma