Amputee & Prosthetics Flashcards by shawna shinody

what is the most common cause of LE amuptation?

PVD

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name a pressure tolerant area for transtibial lumb

patellar tendon
gastroc belly
lateral fibula & tibial shaft
medial tibial shaft

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what dressing allows ealry WB

IPOP (immediate post-op prosthesis)

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what K level requires energy-storing feet

K3 or K4n

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name of a gait deviation caused by prolonged prosthesis

vaulting

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A 65-year-old BKA patient presents with hypersensitivity and weeping at the incision site 2 weeks post-op. Which is the most appropriate action?

A. Begin shrinker training

B. Begin prosthetic casting

C. Apply rigid removable dressing

D. Refer for surgical revision

apply rigid removable dressing

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Which K-level corresponds to a limited community ambulator who can manage stairs and uneven terrain?

A. K1

B. K2

C. K3

D. K4

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Which prosthetic foot is appropriate for K1?

A. Dynamic response

B. Multi-axial

C. SACH

D. Hydraulic

sach foot (solid ankle cushion heel)

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A patient with a transtibial amputation complains of discomfort over the fibular head. What is the MOST likely cause?

A. Improper donning of the liner
B. Pressure on a pressure-tolerant area
C. Incorrect sock ply
D. Socket pressing on a pressure-sensitive area

socket pressing on a pressure-senstitive area

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A patient using a pin-lock suspension system experiences increased distal limb pain during gait. What is the most likely issue?

A. Socket too loose
B. Prosthesis too short
C. Suspension sleeve failure
D. Poor foot alignment

socket too loose

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A K2-level patient would MOST benefit from which of the following prosthetic foot options?

A. Hydraulic foot
B. Multi-axial foot
C. Running blade
D. SACH foot

multi-axial foot

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Which gait deviation is MOST likely caused by a prosthesis that is too long?

A. Lateral trunk bending
B. Vaulting
C. Foot slap
D. Medial whip

vaulting

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Which of the following is the MOST appropriate post-op positioning for a transtibial amputee to prevent contractures?

A. Pillow under the knee in supine
B. Side-lying on the amputated limb
C. Frequent prone lying
D. Semi-fowler’s position

frequent prone lying

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A transfemoral amputee using a suction suspension system complains of poor socket fit. What issue might you expect?

A. Increased knee extension moment
B. Loss of proprioception
C. Excessive pistoning
D. Better balance

excessive pistoning

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A new amputee is 78 years old, has diabetes, and is expected to walk short distances at home and occasionally in the community. What is their MOST likely K-level?

A. K1
B. K2
C. K3
D. K4

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Which of the following pressure areas on a transtibial limb is considered pressure-tolerant?

A. Tibial crest
B. Fibular head
C. Patellar tendon
D. Distal tibia

patellar tenson

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A patient exhibits circumduction during swing phase with their transfemoral prosthesis. Which is a likely prosthetic cause?

A. Prosthesis too short
B. Weak hip flexors
C. Knee joint is too fast
D. Inadequate suspension

inadequate suspension

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Which is a key advantage of a rigid removable dressing (RRD) post-amputation?

A. Allows ambulation
B. Adjustable as limb changes
C. Wound inspection not possible
D. Encourages flexion contracture

adjustable as limb changes

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A PTA observes a patient status post transtibial amputation lying in supine with a pillow positioned under the residual limb. This position results in the patient being MOST susceptible to a:

Knee extension contracture

Knee flexion contracture

Hip extension contracture

Hip flexion contracture

Knee flexion contracture

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A PTA observes the gait of her patient with a transfemoral prosthesis and notices the patient is vaulting during stance phase of the unaffected limb. Which of the following is the most likely cause:

The prosthetic leg is too long

The uninvolved leg is too long compared to the prosthetic leg

The prosthetic ankle/foot has too much dorsiflexion

The sound limb lacks hip flexion strength

The prosthetic leg is too long

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A patient with a weak gluteus maximus would MOST likely display which type of gait deviation?

Backward trunk lean during stance phase

Forward trunk lean during stance phase

Trendelenberg during stance phase

Trendelenberg during swing phase

Backward trunk lean during stance phase

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After removing a prosthesis, you check the patient’s skin and find significant redness over the distal end of the residual limb. What is the MOST LIKELY cause of this?

Poor suspension of the residual limb

Too many socks plys

Not enough tissue on the distal end

Nothing, it is normal to bear weight on the distal end

Poor suspension of the residual limb

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During a pressure check for a transtibial patient, the patient’s fibular head and distal medial residual limb is noted to be red and irritated. What is the most likely cause of this complication?

An abducted socket

An adducted socket

A flexed socket

An extended socket

An abducted socket

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During gait, a patient walks with a lateral trunk bend. Which of the following would be an anatomical cause of this gait deviation?

Weak gluteus medius on the involved leg

Overly long pylon

Short prosthesis

Long amputation limb

Weak gluteus medius on the involved leg

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During terminal stance, the hamstrings are: Eccentrically contracted Isometrically contracted Not contracted Concentrically contracted

Not contracted

Foot slap is most likely to occur due to: Weak dorsiflexors Weak plantarflexors Hip flexor contracture Weak eccentric knee extensors

Weak dorsiflexors

Which of the following is NOT a benefit of a IPOP? Allows for daily wound inspections Limits the development of post-operative edema is the residual limb Allows for earlier fitting of a test prosthesis Allows for earlier ambulation with the attachment of a pylon and foot

Allows for daily wound inspections

The body's center of gravity is at the the highest point during which of the following points in the gait cycle? Midstance Early swing Foot flat Heel contact

Midstance

What percentage of gait cycle is spent in the stance phase? 60% 40% 70% 30%

60%

What is the primary role of the ankle plantarflexors during the terminal stance phase of gait? Propel the body forward Maintain balance Control knee extension Decelerate the limb

Propel the body forward

The gait pattern of choice for successful long-term use of a prosthesis is which of the following? Four-point alternate Two-point alternate Step-through gait Step-to gait

Four-point alternate

The PTA reviews a new patient’s chart and the operative report lists a Syme’s amputation. Which BEST describes this type of amputation? The foot is completely removed with the calcaneal fat pad saved The foot is amputated from the metatarsals outwards The knee joint is completely disarticulated The hip joint is completely disarticulated

The foot is completely removed with the calcaneal fat pad saved

A 75 year-old lady with a transtibial amputation is walking across the street and notices a car is waiting for her to cross. She has the ability to increase her speed to cross the street and step up on the curb. Based on this information, which is the MINIMAL K level associated with this patient? K3 K2 K4 K1

A PTA instructs a patient with a lower extremity amputation to wrap her residual limb. The patient has mildly impaired sensation on several localized areas of her residual limb. Which of the following would the LEAST acceptable method of securing the bandage? Safety pins Clips Tape Velcro

Safety pins

Which of the following events directly follows mid-stance phase? Heel off Toe off Foot flat Preswing

heel off

Which of the following is considered an average walking speed for a healthy adult? 3 miles per hour 1 mile per hour 6 miles per hour 4.5 miles per hour

3 miles per hour

Which of the following is part of the stance phase of gait? Toe off Early swing Late swing Initial swing

toe off

In which phase of gait do the quadriceps exhibit peak muscle activation? Loading response Terminal stance Initial contact Midstance

loading response

During terminal swing, the hip extensors are: Eccentrically contracted Isometrically contracted Not contracted Concentrically contracted

Eccentrically contracted

A patient comes to therapy with complaints of acute insertional achilles tendonitis. Which of the following orthotics would be MOST beneficial for the patient? A small heel lift A scaphoid pad Metatarsal pads Outposting of shoe

A small heel lift

During which of the following gait deviations would you MOST likely see with weak quadriceps? Knee hyperextension at mid-stance Excessive knee flexion during swing phase Vaulting during swing phase of affected leg Excessive leaning back during stance phase

Knee hyperextension at mid-stance

You are a PTA working with a patient that has a transfemoral residual limb. During patient education on positioning, you would recommend at least two hours a day in: Prone Sitting Sidelying on amputated limb Supine with pillow under residual limb

prone

Which of the following is MOST likely a pressure sensitive area for a transfemoral patient? Pubic ramus Gluteal musculature Ischium Distal end of residual limb

Pubic ramus

The PTA reviews a new patient’s chart and the operative report lists a Syme’s amputation. Which BEST describes this type of amputation? The ankle is disarticulated with the calcaneal fat pad saved The foot is amputated from the metatarsals to distal phalanges The tibiofemoral joint is completely disarticulated The femoroacetabular joint is completely disarticulated

The ankle is disarticulated with the calcaneal fat pad saved

You are a PTA working in an acute care setting. Your patient is 2 days s/p transtibial amputation and is fitted with a soft dressing. All of the following are advantages of a soft dressing EXCEPT: Edema control Protection of residual limb during acute weight bearing Control of the residual limb pain Allows access to the incision

protection of esidual limb during active weight bearing

Label the parts of the prosethesis from PROXIMAL to DISTAL. Socket, suspension, knee system, pylon Pylon, socket, suspension, knee system Suspension, socket, pylon, knee system Suspension, socket, pylon, knee system

Socket, suspension, knee system, pylon

Which K level would be associated with household ambulation only at a fixed speed? K1 K3 K0 K2

A patient with a weak right gluteus medius would MOST likely display a: Left pelvic drop Right pelvic drop Right pelvic anterior rotation Left pelvic anterior rotation

Left pelvic drop

Which of the following best describes the terminal swing phase of the gait cycle? The period when the foot is off the ground and swinging forward The period when the foot is making contact with the ground The period just before the foot lifts off the ground The period when the foot is flat on the ground

The period when the foot is off the ground and swinging forward

A new transtibial amputee is reporting mild redness on the patellar tendon after ambulation. The redness dissipates approximately 1-2 hours after prosthetic removal. What is the MOST appropriate action? Reassure the patient this a normal pressure-tolerant area, continue with care plan Reduce prosthetic use, refer back to prosthetist Stop all weight bearing, discuss with physical therapist to change the care plan Increase sock ply to 16-20 layers, refer back to surgeon

Reassure the patient this is a normal pressure-tolerant area, continue with care plan

A patient comes to therapy after a motor vehicle accident that resulted in a right transfemoral amputation. Prior to the injury, patient was a 30 y.o. gym teacher and recreational participant in soccer and basketball. Which of the following is the BEST choice for his K level? K3 K2 K1 K4

A patient with a weak gluteus maximus would MOST likely display which type of gait deviation? Backward trunk lean during stance phase Forward trunk lean during stance phase Trendelenberg during stance phase Trendelenberg during swing phase

Backward trunk lean during stance phase

What is the purpose of a shrinker sock after an amputation? To shape the residual limb and control swelling To protect the incision from infection To reduce phantom limb pain To help with socket alignment

To shape the residual limb and control swelling

A 60 year-old male with a transtibial amputation is walking across the street and notices a car is waiting for her to cross. He is unable to increase his cadence to cross the street faster. Based on this information, which is the BEST K level associated with this patient? K3 K2 K4 K1

what does SACH foot stand for?

solid ankle cushion heel

Which of the following would be the MOST important reason to inspect the residual limb daily? Detect skin breakdown easily Prevent ingrown hairs Improve blood flow Assess limb temperature

Detect skin breakdown easily

What is the primary role of the ankle plantarflexors during the terminal stance phase of gait? Propel the body forward Maintain balance Control knee extension Decelerate the limb

Propel the body forward

For a transtibial patient, which of the following are pressure tolerant areas? Belly of the gastrocnemius Distal tibia FIbular head Medial meniscal line

Belly of the gastrocnemius

Backward trunk lean during stance phase

Which of the following is a pressure sensitive area of the transtibial limb? Tibial crest Patellar tendon Lateral fibular shaft Medial tibial shaft

tibial crest

A patient comes to therapy with complaints of back pain after running. Upon evaluation, the physical therapist notices excessive pronation on the right foot during midstance phase. Which of the following would be the BEST shoe recommendation to address the pronation? Scaphoid pad Metatarsal bar Wide toe box Heel lift

scaphoid pad

Amputee & Prosthetics Flashcards

(62 cards)