Amt 124 for quiz only Flashcards by Skyler Sagmit

basic major components of the reciprocating Engine

crankcase, Cylinders, Pistons, Connecting Rods, Valves, Spark Plugs, Crankshaft

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One of the valves is in a passage leading from the?

Induction System

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Inside each cylinder is a movable —– connected to a —— by a ——-

Piston, connectod to a crankshaft by a connecting rod.

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the other is in a passage leading to the???

Exhaust System

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to draw fuel and air into the cylinder

intake valve

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Its role is to let the exhaust gases out,

Exhaust Valve

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moving within the cylinders, forms one of the walls of the combustion chamber.
CYLINDRICAL PLUNGER THAT MOVES UP AND DOWN

Piston

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it Forms a link between the piston and the crankshaft.

Connecting Rod

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it is part of the chamber where fuel is compressed and burned.

Cylinder.

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-FOUNDATION OF A RECIPROCATING ENGINE

CrankCase

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-PROVIDES TIGHT ENCLOSURE FOR THE LUBRICATING OIL

CrankCase

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-CONTAINS THE ENGINE’S INTEGRAL PARTS

CrankCase

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-MOUNTING SURFACE FOR THE ENGINE CYLINDERS AND EXTERNAL ACCESSORIES

CrankCase

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-EXTREMELY RIGID, LIGHT AND STRONG
CAST OR FORGED ALUMINUM ALLOY

CrankCase

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BACKBONE OF RECIPROCATING ENGINE

Crank Shaft

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MAIN PURPOSE IS TO TRANSFORM THE RECIPROCATING MOTION OF THE PISTON AND CONNECTING ROD INTO ROTARY MOTION

Crank Shaft

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FORGED FROM A STRONG ALLOY SUCH AS CHROMIUM-NICKEL MOLYBDENUM STEEL

Crank Shaft

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CONSIST OF A MAIN BEARING JOURNAL, ONE OR MORE CRANKPINS, AND SEVERAL CRANK CHEEKS

Crank Shaft

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Crank Case is typically made from?

cast or forged aluminum alloy

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CrankShaft is typically made from?

chromium-nickel
Molybdenum Steel

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Parts of crankshaft

Main bearing journals, crankpins, crank cheeks.

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, represent the centerline of a crankshaft and support the crankshaft as it rotates in the main bearings. All crankshafts require at least two main journals to support the crankshaft, absorb the operational loads, and transmit stress from the crankshaft to the crankcase.

Main bearing Journals

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serve as attachment points for the connecting rods. This offset design means that any force applied to a ———— in a direction other than parallel to the crankshaft centerline causes the crankshaft to

CrankPins

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are required to connect the crankpin to the crankshaft.

Crank Cheeks

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THE LINK WHICH TRANSMITS THE FORCE EXERTED ON A PISTON TO A CRANKSHAFT

Connecting Rod

Connecting Rod are typically made from?

Forged Druable Steel Alloy

ONE END OF A CONNECTING ROD CONNECTS TO THE CRANKSHAFT IS CALLED THE -------, WHILE THE OTHER END CONNECTS TO THE PISTON IS CALLED----------

Crankpin End Piston End

what are the four types of connecting Rod.

Plain type, Master and articulated rod type, Fork and blade Type, Split type

The piston's top surface is called the ------- and is directly exposed to the heat of combustion.

Piston Head

are used in opposed and inline engines.

Plain Rod

The piston end of a plain connecting rod is fitted with a --------- to accommodate the piston pin.

Bronze Bushing

PRIMARY FUNCTIONS; DRAW FUEL AND AIR INTO A CYLINDER, COMPRESS THE GASES, AND PURGE BURNED EXHAUST GASES FROM THE CYLINDER SECOND FUNCTION; TRANSMIT THE FORCE PRODUCED BY COMBUSTION TO THE CRANKSHAFT

Pistons

is an enlarged area inside the piston that provides additional bearing area for a piston pin.

Piston Pin Boss

Five parts of piston

Piston head, Ring groves, Piston Pin Boss, Piston Skirt, piston pin

Pistons are usually amde from?

aluminum Alloy

are cut into a piston's outside surface to hold a set of piston rings.

Ring Grooves

which passes through the piston pin boss to attach the piston to a connecting rod.

Piston Pin

To help align a piston in a cylinder, the piston base is extended to form the-------

PIston Skirt

Piston Head Designs

Flat head, Recessed Head Concave Head Dome Head

They prevent leakage of gas pressure from the combustion chamber, reduce oil seepage into the combustion chamber, and transfer heat from the piston to the cylinder walls.

Piston Rings

The point where a piston ring is split is called the

Piston Ring Gap

types of piston ring

butt join Angle Joint Step Joint

prevent gas from escaping past the piston during engine operation and are placed in the ring grooves immediately below the piston head. The number of compression rings used on each piston is determined by the type of engine and its design. However, most aircraft engines typically use two or three compression rings on each piston

Compression Rings

control the amount of oil that is applied to the cylinder walls as well as prevent oil from entering the combustion chamber. The two types of oil rings that are found on most engines are

Oil Rings

are placed in the grooves immediately below the compression rings. Pistons may have one or more oil control rings and, depending on the type of piston, as many as two rings can be installed in a single ring groove.

Oil Control RIngs

The primary purpose of ------- is to regulate the thickness of the oil film on the cylinder wall. To allow an oil control ring to remove excess oil and return it to the crankcase, small holes are drilled in the piston ring grooves, or ring lands.

Oil Control Rings

first ring types used

Oil control rings

Second type of rings

Oil scraper rings

other term for oil scraper ring

oil wiper ring

joins the piston to the connecting rod. A typical piston pin is machined in the form of a tube from a nickel-steel alloy forging that is case-hardened. Piston pins are sometimes called wrist pins

Piston Pin

Piston pins may be ------------

stationary, semi floating, or full-floating.

are held tightly in place by a set screw that prevents movement.

Stationary Piston Pins

on the other hand, are retained stationary in the connecting rod by a set clamp that engages a slot in the pin.

Semi Floating Piston pins

PROVIDES A COMBUSTION CHAMBER WHERE THE BURNING AND EXPANSION OF GASES TAKES PLACE TO PRODUCE POWER

Cylinder

are free to rotate in both the connecting rod and the piston, and are used in most modern aircraft engines.

Full-floating piston pins

HOUSES THE PISTON AND CONNECTING ROD ASSEMBLY AS WELL AS THE VALVES AND SPARK PLUGS

Cylinder

STRONG ENOUGH TO WITHSTAND THE INTERNAL PRESSURE DEVELOPED DURING ENGINE OPERATION YET BE LIGHTWEIGHT TO MINIMIZE ENGINE WEIGHT

Cylinder

CONSISTS OF A CYLINDER HEAD, CYLINDER BARREL, MOUNTING FLANGE, CYLINDER SKIRT, COOLING FINS AND VALVE ASSEMBLY

Cylinder

parts of cylinder

intake and exhaust valve ports, spark plugs, valve actuating mechanisms,

are cast or machined onto the outside of a cylinder head and provide an effective means of transferring heat from the cylinder head to the surrounding air.

Cooling Fins

are machined from a forged blank, with a skirt that projects into the crankcase and a mounting flange that is used to attach the cylinder to the crankcase.

Cylinder barrels

However, some cylinder bores are machined with a slight taper. In other words, the diameter of the top portion of the barrel is slightly smaller than the diameter at the cylinder skirt. This is called a

choke bore cylinder

REGULATE THE FLOW OF GASES INTO AND OUT OF A CYLINDER BY OPENING AND CLOSING AT PREDETERMINED TIMES IN THE COMBUSTION PROCESS

Valves

CONTROLS THE AMOUNT OF FUEL/AIR MIXTURE

Intake valve

AT LEAST ONE INTAKE VALVE AND ONE EXHAUST VALVE

Valves

FOUR BASIC DESIGNS OF VALVES

Flat head, Semi tulip head, Tulip Head, Mushroom head

ALLOWS THE EXHAUST GASES TO EXIT THE CYLINDER

Exhaust Valve

is that portion of the valve that creates a seal at the intake and exhaust ports.

Valve face

acts as a pilot to keep the valve head properly aligned as it moves back and forth

Valve Stem

parts of valve

valve tip Valve spring keeper retention Valve Stem Transition Region Valve Head Valve seat Valve face

is a circular ring of hardened metal that provides a uniform sealing surface for the valve face. A typical valve seat is made of either bronze or steel and machined to an oversize fit.

Valve Seat

are helical-coiled springs that are installed in the cylinder head and provide the force that holds the valve face firmly against the valve seat.

valve springs

IT OPENS AND CLOSES THE INLET AND EXHAUST VALVES OF THE ENGINE AT THE RIGHT TIME, WITH THE EXACT STROKE AND IN A PRECISELY DEFINED SEQUENCE

Camshaft

Amt 124 for quiz only Flashcards

(73 cards)