An introduction to psychotic illness Flashcards
(120 cards)
What was the main difficulty of the asylums built in the UK in the 1800’s?
Most people didn’t actually recover and due to their remote locations, it was hard for family to visit so they would often end up just staying there for decades, so the asylums became overwhelmed due to lack or discharge
What did the alienists of the 1800’s realise?
What did Emil Kraepelin discover and hypothesise?
What did Kraepelin think schizophrenia was and how does that compare to Eugen Bleuler?
he thought it was a neurological degenerative condition, Bleuler thought that in many cases it could be psychological reaction rather than an organic disorder
Explain Bleuler’s contribution to schizophrenia and what are his 4 a’s and what are their characteristics?
-coined the term in 1911,
-different groups of schizophrenias
-psychological rather than organic and
-more optimistic about the outcomes than others.
- Affective Flattening
- Alterations of Thought
- Autism
- Ambivalence
What was the difficulty with Bleuler’s ideas about Schizophrenia?
The difficulty with Eugen Bleuler’s ideas about schizophrenia was primarily related to the term “schizophrenia” itself. While Bleuler made significant contributions to our understanding of the disorder the difficulty lay in the broad and sometimes vague way in which the term was used.
Bleuler’s ideas led to challenges in psychiatrists agreeing on the specific characteristics represented by the 4 A’s, particularly in the United States where an overdiagnosis of schizophrenia occurred due to variations in interpretation.
What are these AKA?
What is thought echo according to Schneider?
You think something and then you hear a voice echo it back to you
What did schneider think about Bleuler’s schizophrenia diagnosis and what did he propose instead?
Kurt Schneider, a German psychiatrist who made significant contributions to the understanding of schizophrenia and
He thought it was too complex to detect reliably so he wrote the first-rank symptom list,
including auditory hallucinations,
thought insertion or withdrawal,
thought broadcasting
‘made’ acts, thoughts or feelings (via external force, not common)
delusional perception
What are some of the first rank auditory hallucinations of schneider?
What is delusional perception?
The world seems to be changed. One looks around and. you can’t quite put your finger on it but everything seems different. or you might derive meaning from things you see, e.g someone lights a cigarette and you think it means someone is plotting against you.
What is the difference between positive and negative symptoms?
List examples of Positive symptoms
List examples of Negative symptoms
Are delusions a positive or negative symptom?
positive
is self-neglect a positive or negative symptom?
negative
Are you more or less likely to develop schizophrenia as you get older?
Less likely as it tends to effect young people.
Between what age range does schizophrenia peak in Men?
16-25 years of age.
Who do not have the capacity to go psychotic?
Children. it’s only as they go into adolescence that they are likely to develop psychosis.
When is it more likely for women to develop psychosis? and what is one theory for this?
Later in life
Why might estrogen protect against psychosis?
It has an anti-dopaminergic effect, and dopamine is crucial in psychosis.
What did Kraepelin believe about the course of schizophrenia and was he right?
He thought it was like Alzheimer’s disease and that one eventually deteriorated. But actually, Bleuler said that after 5 years, symptoms hadn’t gotten worse and sometimes even had gotten better
What are the 4 stages in schizophrenia?
