anaemia

Question 1

what type of anaemia is from menstrual bleeding

Answer 1

microcytic

Question 2

what gets reduced in anaemia

1. haemorrhages
2. globin
3. both haemorrhages and globin

Answer 2

both haemorrhages and global

Question 3

which is the most common form of Hb

Answer 3

HbA

Question 4

what makes up HbA

Answer 4

2 alpha chains and 2 beta chains

Question 5

what is the most common cause of a microcytic anaemia

Answer 5

iron deficiency

Question 6

list 4 causes of a microcytic anaemia

Answer 6

iron deficiency

thalassaemia

anaemia of chronic disease

sideroblastic anaemia

Question 7

list 4 general symptoms of anaemia

Answer 7

fatigue
SOB on exertion
chest pain
palpitations

Question 8

what 4 areas are important to screen for anaemia

Answer 8

GI bleed
menstrual
respiratory
urinary tract

Question 9

what are 4 alarming symptoms that raise concerns in anaemia

Answer 9

weight loss
loss of appetite
night sweats
lymphadenopathy

Question 10

what does mean corpuscular volume suggest

Answer 10

size of the RBC

Question 11

what are the 3 reasons for iron deficiency anaemia according to the definition

Answer 11

increased requirement

increased loss of iron

reduced intake

Question 12

causes of iron deficiency anaemia

Answer 12

menorrhagia
poor diet
coealics
colon cancer

Question 13

what protein is responsible for transporting iron in the blood

1. transferrin
2. ferritin

Answer 13

transferrin

Question 14

why does breast feeding causes iron deficiency anaemia in infants

Answer 14

breast milk contains poor iron

Question 15

where does iron get absorbed in the bowel

Answer 15

duodenum

Question 16

name a malabsorption disorder that can cause iron deficiency anaemia

Answer 16

coeliacs

iron is absorbed in duodenum and that is affected in iron deficiency anaemia

Question 17

what should you think if you get an elderly patient with iron deficiency anaemia

Answer 17

colon cancer

Question 18

what test should you carry out if you suspect iron deficiency anaemia

1. transferrin
2. ferritin
3. TIBC
4. serum iron

Answer 18

ferritin

Question 19

what protein is responsible for storing iron

1. transferrin
2. ferritin

Answer 19

ferritin

Question 20

what does ferritin reflect

Answer 20

the amount of iron you body has

Question 21

list 3 clinical features of iron deficiency anaemia

Answer 21

glossitis
angular stomatitis
kolionychia
pica (ICE)

Question 22

when should you arrange colonscopy in a patient with iron deficiency anaemia

Answer 22

60 yrs or over

Question 23

what type of red blood cells are seen in iron deficiency anaemia

1. hypochromic
2. hyper chromic

Answer 23

hypochromic

Question 24

what might you see on a blood film of a patient with iron deficiency anaemia

Answer 24

hypochromic RBC

target cells

Question 25

how do you manage iron deficiency anaemia

Answer 25

oral iron ferrous sulphate ferrous fumarate

Question 26

how long after the anaemia is corrected would you continue iron supplement

Answer 26

3 months after

Question 27

2 common side effects of iron

Answer 27

constipation | black stools

Question 28

gel electrophoresis of beta thalassaemia

Answer 28

HbA2

Question 29

genetic inheritance of beta thalassaemia

Answer 29

autosomal recessive

Question 30

what causes cortical thickening in thalassaemia

Answer 30

bone marrow expansion frontal bossing

Question 31

list 3 signs specific to thalassaemia

Answer 31

neonatal jaundice hepatospelnomegaly failure to thrive chipmunk faces

Question 32

what is typically seen on blood film in thalassaemia

Answer 32

howell jolly body

Question 33

what appearance do you see on skull X-ray of a patient with thalassaemia

Answer 33

hair on end appearance

Question 34

what is the diagnostic test for thalassaemia

Answer 34

hb electrophoresis