Analgesics Flashcards
(15 cards)
Morphine can cause which side effect?
Respiratory depression
What is Aspirin effective against?
Mild pain and fever
What is the correct pathway for the transfer of sensory information from the nociceptor to the brain?
Nociceptor ➡️ Dorsal horn of spinal cord ➡️ Spinothalamic tract ➡️ Ventral posterior lateral nucleus in the thalamus ➡️ Sensory Cortex.
What are nociceptors sensitive to?
Chemical substances released by damaged cells or tissues e.g. Proteases, ATP, Potassium and Hydrogen ions.
What do we need to detect pain and what is the scientific term?
Receptor - Nociceptor
What damage activates a nociceptor?
Medical, chemical or thermal damage.
Which enzymes can NSAIDS inhibit?
Cox 1 & 2 enzymes.
What are the 4 pharmacological actions of NSAIDS?
Antipyretic - reduce body temperature
Analgesic - pain relief
Anti-inflammatory - reduce oedema (tissue swelling)
Musculoskeletal pain
What does the COX 1 enzyme produce?
Prostoglandins
What are 2 examples of NSAIDS + Opioid analgesics?
Co-codamol & Co- codaprin
Combination of 2 drugs
What type of Analgesic is Opium classed as?
Opioid
What analgesic drug would you use to treat a patient who has acute and chronic pain?
Morphine
What are the side effects of Morphine?
Constipation, nausea & vomiting, sedation, confusion, nightmares, hallucinations, cough suppression, drug tolerance (would require higher dosage) & respiratory depression.
Which group of drugs end in “caine”?
Local anaesthetics (lidocaine, bupivicaine, prilocaine & tetracaine).
How are local anaesthetics administered?
Topical, Subcutaneous Injection or Nerve Block (e.g. Epidural).
