ANAPHY LAB Flashcards by Reign A. E.

Origin: Occipital
Insertion: Skin of Eyebrow
Action: Elevates brows: moves scalp

Occipitofrontalis

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Origin: Maxilla, Frontal
Insertion: Encircles Eye, near origin
Action: Closes Eye

Orbicularis Oculi

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Origin: Maxilla, Mandible
Insertion: Lips
Action: Closes Lips

Orbicularis Oris

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Origin: Maxilla, Mandible
Insertion: Angle of mouth
Action: Compresses Cheeks

Buccinator

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Origin: Zygomatic Bone
Insertion: Angle of mouth, upper lip
Action: elevates angle of mouth, upper lip

Zygomaticus (2)

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Origin: Maxilla
Insertion: Upper lip, nose
Action: elevates upper lip, nose

Levator Labii Superioris

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Origin: Mandible
Insertion: Lower Lip near angle
Action: Depresses angle of mouth

Depressor Anguli Oris

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Origin: Temporal Aspect of the skull
Insertion: mandible
Action: closes jaw

Temporalis

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Origin: Zygomatic Arch
Insertion: Mandible
Action: Closes Jaw

Masseter

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Origin: Inferior aspect of the skull
Insertion: Mandible
Action: Medial closes jaw: lateral opens jaw

Pterygoids (2)

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Origin: sternum, clavicle
Insertion: Mastoid process
Action: Rotates, flexes neck

Sternocleidomastoid

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Origin: Skull, upper vertebral column
Insertion: scapula
Action: Extends head, neck

Trapezius

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Origin: Vertebrae, pelvis
Insertion: Superior vertebrae, ribs
Action: Holds body upright

Erector Spinae

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Origin: vertebrae
Insertion: vertebrae
Action: Flexes or extends the trunks

Deep back muscles

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Origin: Ribs
Insertion: Edge of next rib (inferiority)
Action: Expands Thorax

External Intercostals

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Origin: Ribs
Insertion: Edge of next rib (superiority)
Action: Compresses Thorax

Internal Intercostals

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Origin: Pubis
Insertion: Inferior Thoracic cage
Action: Flexes waist

Rectus abdominis

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Origin: Inferior thoracic cage
Insertion: Midline of Abdomen
Action: Compresses abdomen

External Abdominal Oblique

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Origin: Pelvis
Insertion: Midline of Abdomen
Action: Compresses abdomen

Internal Abdominal Oblique

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Origin: Vertebrae, pelvis, ribs
Insertion: Midline of abdomen
Action: Compresses Abdomen

Transversus abdominis

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Origin: Skull, upper vertebral column
Insertion: scapula
Action: Extends head, neck; elevates, depresses, or rotates scapula

Trapezius

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Origin: Vertebrae
Insertion: Scapula
Action: Elevates scapula

Levator Scapulae

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Origin: Vertebrae
Insertion: scapula
Action: retracts scapula

Rhomboideus (2)

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Origin: Ribs
Insertion: Scapula
Action: protracts scapula

Serratus Anterior

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Origin: Vertebrae Insertion: Humerus Action: Extends, adducts arms

Latissimus Dorsi

Origin: Ribs Insertion: Scapula Action: Depresses scapula

Pectoralis Minor

Origin: Ribs, clavicle Insertion: Humerus Action: Adducts, flexes arms

Pectoralis Major

Origin: Scapula Insertion: Humerus Action: Extends, adducts, rotates arm

Teres Major

Origin: scapula Insertion: Humerus Action: extends, rotates arms

Infraspinatus

Origin: Scapula Insertion: Humerus Action: Abducts arms

Supraspinatus

Origin: Scapula Insertion: Humerus Action: Extends, rotates the arm

Subscapularis

Origin: Scapula Insertion: Humerus Action: adducts, rotates arm

Teres Minor

Origin: Scapula, Clavicle Insertion: Humerus Action: abducts arms

Deltoid

contracts, or shortens, with a force and therefore is responsible for movement

Main characteristic of Muscle

Main Functions of a mucle

- Movement - Maintenance of posture - Respiration - Body Heat - Communication - Constriction of Organs - Heart Contraction

Types of Muscle

- Skeletal - Cardiac - Smooth

Location:___________________ (Skeletal Muscle)

Attaches to the bone or other connective tissues

Cell Shape: ____________________ (Skeletal Muscle)

Very long, Cylindrical cells

Nucleus:________________________ (Skeletal Muscle)

Multinucleated, located peripherally

Function:______________________ (Skeletal Muscle)

Moves the body

Control:__________________________ (Skeletal Muscle) Striations:_________________________ Special Feature:_____________________

-Voluntary -Present -None

Location:___________________ (Cardiac Muscle)

Heart

Cell Shape: ____________________ (Cardiac Muscle)

Cylindrical cells that branch

Nucleus:________________________ (Cardiac Muscle)

Single, Centrally located

Control:__________________________ (Cardiac Muscle) Striations:_________________________ Special Feature:_____________________

- Involuntary - Present - Branching fibers, Intercalated disks containing gap junctions joining the cell to each other

Function:______________________ (Cardiac Muscle)

Provides major force for moving blood through the blood vessels

Location:___________________ (Smooth Muscle)

In the walls of hollow organs, blood vessels, eyes, glands, skin

Cell Shape: ____________________ (SmoothMuscle)

Spindle- shaped cells

Nucleus:________________________ (Smooth Muscle)

Single, Centrally located

Function:______________________ (Smooth Muscle)

Moves food through the digestive tract, empties the urinary bladder, regulates blood vessel diameter, changes pupil size, contracts many gland ducts, moves hair, performs many other functions

Control:__________________________ (Smooth Muscle) Striations:_________________________ Special Feature:_____________________

- Involuntary - None - Gap junctions

Skeletal Muscle points of attachments

- Origin (Fixed End) - Insertion (Mobile End) - Belly

The non-movable end usually the most stationary, proximal end of the muscle

Origin

The movable end usually the distal end of the muscle attached to the bone

Insertion

Between the origin and insertion

Belly

Actions of Skeletal Muscle

- Synergist - Antagonist

Work together (action)

Synergist

Opposing (action)

Antagonist

Naming a muscle

1.) Location 2.) Origin/ Insertion 3.) Size 4.) Shape 5.) Function

Examples of Location

- Pectoralis- Chest - Tibialis Anterior

Examples of Origin/ Insertion

- Sternocleidomastoid

Examples of Size

- Gluteus Maximus

Examples of Shape

- Deltoid- Triangular

Examples of Functions

- Masseter - Adductor - Abductor

Raises Eyebrows (Forehead)

Occipitofrontalis

Allows Blinking (Eye)

Orbicularis Oculi

kissing muscle (mouth)

Orbicularis Oris

Smiling Muscle

Zygomaticus

Muscles of Mastication

1.) Masseter 2.) Temporalis 3.) Medial Pterygoid 4.) Lateral Pterygoid

Function: Closes jaw

1.) Masseter 2.) Temporalis 3.) Medial Pterygoid

Function: Opens jaw

1.) Lateral Pterygoid

Elevate ribs for inspiration

External Intercostals

Depress ribs during forced expiration

Internal Intercostals

Aid in forced expiration

Transversus Thoracis

Muscles of Respiration

- External Intercostals - Internal Intercostals - Transversus Thoracis - Diaphragm

moves during quiet breathing

Diaphragm

Muscles of the Abdominal Wall

1.) Rectus Abdominis 2.) External Abdominal Oblique 3.) Internal Abdominal Oblique 4.) Transverse Abdominis

center of abdomen compresses abdomen

Rectus Abdominis

sides of abdomen compresses abdomen

External Abdominal Oblique

compresses abdomen

- Internal Abdominal Oblique - Transverse Abdominis

Muscles of the Upper Rib

1.) Trapezius 2.) Pectoralis Major 3.) Serratus Anterior 4.) Deltoid

Shoulders and upper back extends neck and head

Trapezius

chest, elevates ribs

Pectoralis Major

between ribs, elevates ribs

Serratus anterior

shoulder abductor or upper limbs

Deltoid

Stabilizes the shoulder joint - anterior, superior and poterior parts

- Supraspinatus - Infraspinatus - Teres Minor - Subscapularis

Muscles of the Anterior Arm

1.) Coracobrachialis 2.) Brachialis 3.) Biceps brachii

Adduction

Coracobrachialis

Main flexor

Brachialis

Biceps brachii

Brachialis

main extensor

Triceps Brachii

Function: Flexion

1.) Coracobrachialis 2.) Brachialis 3.) Biceps brachii

Function: Extension

Triceps Brachii

Anterior Forearm

- Flexor carpi ulnaris - Flexion and adduction at the wrist. - Flexor carpi radialis - Flexion and abduction at the wrist. - Palmaris longus - Flexion at the wrist. - Pronator teres - Pronation of the forearm.

Anterior Thigh

> Iliopsoas > Sartorius > Flexes and laterally rotates the thigh > Tensor fascia lata > Pectineus > Quadriceps Femoris

Posterior Forearm

>Brachioradialis >Extensor carpi radialis longus and brevis >Extensor digitorum >Extensor digiti minimi >Extensor carpi ulnaris >Anconeus

Flexes at the elbow

Brachioradialis

Extends and abducts the wrist

Extensor carpi radialis longus and brevis

Extension of the digits at the interphalangeal and metacarpophalangeal joints

Extensor digitorum

Extends the little finger, and contributes to extension at the wrist

Extensor digiti minimi

Extends and adducts the wrist

Extensor carpi ulnaris

Extends and stabilizes the elbow joint. Abducts the ulna during pronation of the forearm

Anconeus

Strongest flexor

Iliopsoas

Flexes and laterally rotates the thigh

Sartorius

Flexes, abducts and medially rotates the thigh

Tensor fascia lata

Quadriceps Femoris

> Rectus Femoris > Vastus Lateralis > Vastus Medialis > Vastus Intermedius

Medial Thigh

> Adductor Longus > Adductor Brevis > Adductor Magnus > Gracilis

Adducts the thigh and assists in lateral motion

Adductor Longus, Adductor Brevis, & Adductor Magnus

Adducts the thigh and Flexes leg at the knee joint

Gracilis

Posterior Thigh

> Semitendinosus > Semimembranosus > Biceps Femoris

Extends the thigh and flexes and medially rotates the leg

Semitendinosus, and Semimebranosus

Extends the thigh and flexes and laterally rotates the leg

Biceps Femoris

Gluteal Muscles

> Gluteus Maximus > Gluteus Medius > Gluteus Minimus

Main extensor of the thigh

Gluteus Maximus

Abduction and medial rotation of the lower the limb

Gluteus Medius

Abduction and medial rotation of the lower limb

Gluteus minimus

Muscles of the Lateral Leg

> Peroneus Longus > Peroneus Brevis

Everts the foot and plantarflexes the foot at the ankle joint

Peroneus Longus, and Peroneus Brevis

ANAPHY LAB Flashcards

(118 cards)