Anaphy Skeletal System

Question 1

What are the 4 components of Skeletal System

Answer 1

bones
cartilages
tendons
ligaments

Question 2

Describe Bones

Answer 2

made of connective tissue reinforced with calcium and specialized bone cells

Question 3

Describe Cartilages

Answer 3

a non-vascular type of supporting connective tissue that is found throughout the body

Question 4

Describe Tendons

Answer 4

A fibrous connective tissue that attaches muscle to bone

Question 5

Describe Ligaments

Answer 5

A fibrous connective tissue that attaches bone to bone

Question 6

What are the 4 functions of the Skeletal System

Answer 6

Support - provide support for our bodies and help form our shape.

Protection - keep your organs safe from hard impacts, punctures, and other forms of injury.

Storage - store necessary minerals when their levels are too high in your blood. (e.g. calcium, phosphorus, and vitamin D.)

Blood cell production - Bone marrow produces red blood cells that carry oxygen, white blood cells that prevent infection and platelets that control bleeding.

Question 7

What are the 4 bone shape classifications

Answer 7

long, short, flat, and irregular bones

Question 8

What is the compact bone tissue (on outside)

Answer 8

diaphysis

Question 9

What is the part that ends spongy bone tissue

Answer 9

epiphysis

Question 10

What is the part that covers the epiphysis and reduces friction

Answer 10

articular cartilage

Question 11

What is the growth between diaphysis and epiphysis

Answer 11

epiphyseal plate

Question 12

What is the center of diaphysis red or yellow marrow

Answer 12

medullary cavity

Question 13

What is the membrane around bone’s outer surface

Answer 13

periosteum

Question 14

What is the membrane that lines the medullary cavity

Answer 14

endosteum

Question 15

What are the 2 types of marrow and what is their primary function

Answer 15

red marrow - involved in the production of blood cells

yellow marrow - important for fat storage

Question 16

What is the outer part of diaphysis and thinner surfaces of other bones

Answer 16

location

Question 17

What is the structural unit of compact bone (building block) includes lamella, lacunae, canaliculus, central canal, osteocytes

Answer 17

osteon

Question 18

What is the rings of bone matrix (gives compact bone its hardness and rigidity)

Answer 18

lamella

Question 19

What is the spaces between lamella where cella can be seen

Answer 19

lacunae

Question 20

What are the tiny canals that transport nutrients and remove waste

Answer 20

canaliculus

Question 21

What is the center of osteon, contains blood vessels

Answer 21

central canal

Question 22

What is responsible for the formation of bone and the repair and remodeling of bone

Answer 22

osteoblasts

Question 23

What are the cells that maintain bone matrix and form from osteoblast after bone matrix has surrounded it

Answer 23

osteocytes

Question 24

What part contributes to bone repair and remodeling by removing existing bone, called bone reabsorption

Answer 24

osteoclasts

Question 25

What is the formation of bone by osteoblasts

Answer 25

ossification

Question 26

What is the formation that occurs within connective tissue membranes

Answer 26

intramembranous ossification

Question 27

What is the formation that occurs inside hyaline cartilage

Answer 27

endochondral ossification

Question 28

Osteoclasts absorb old bone that lines the medullary cavity, while osteoblasts, intramembranous ossification, produce new bone tissue beneath the periosteum. What is this process called

Answer 28

appositional growth

Question 29

List the Bone Anatomical Terms and define them

Answer 29

Foramen - hole Fossa - depression Process - projection Condyle - smooth, rounded end Meatus - canal-like passageway Tubercle - lump of bone

Question 30

What is the axial skeleton composed of

Answer 30

skull, vertebral column, and thoracic cage

Question 31

How many bones is the skull divided into

Answer 31

22

Question 32

How many bones does the braincase consist of

Answer 32

8

Question 33

How many bones does the bony structure of the face consist of

Answer 33

14

Question 34

List the Cranial Bones

Answer 34

Frontal Parietal Occipital Temporal Sphenoid Ethmoid

Question 35

List the Facial Bones

Answer 35

Maxilla Palatine Zygomatic Lacrimal Nasal Vomer Inferior Nasal Conchae Mandible

Question 36

List the 4 Paranasal Sinuses

Answer 36

Frontal Ethmoid Sphenoid Maxillary

Question 37

How many bones does the vertebral column usually consist of in adults

Answer 37

26

Question 38

What are the 4 major curvatures of the vertebral column

Answer 38

Cervical Thoracic Lumbar Sacrococcygeal